achaque

See also: achaqué

Galician

Etymology

Attested since circa 1300. Probably from Arabic شَكَا‎ (šakā, “complain”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [aˈt͡ʃakɪ]

Noun

achaque m (plural achaques)

1. excuse, pretext

   Synonyms: escusa, pretexto

   • 1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito‎^[1]:

     Meu sobrino pouco biche no camiño que Aca muyto mais pasou esa jente Aca chegou e nonos deixaron biño Pan nen pasta que ata estar de choz non lle basta darlles da bianda boa mesturada con boroa so pantrigo non segasta. Ja A bezina non tengalo nen galiña; polo camiño e congostra fan mais mal que no a lagostra son como abes de Rapiña, Lagumeiros, lapuzes e lacoeiros que con Achaque da guerra quedou ynsinada A terra a consentir lacoeiros

     My nephew, little did you see in the road, because here much more happened: that people here arrived and they didn't left us wine, bread or paste, that even [?] was not enough for them; giving them good viand admixed with black bread, so the wheat bread is not spent. Now the neighbour has no hen or rooster; in the road and the lane they do more harm than locusts; they are like birds of prey, loafers[?], guzzlers and gluttons that with the pretext of the war the country was left taught to consent gluttons

2. affliction, infirmity

   Synonym: alifafe

References

• “achaque” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “achaque” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “achaque” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “achaque” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “achaque” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

Uncertain origin, possibly from Arabic or a Germanic language. Compare Spanish achaque.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈʃa.ki/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈʃa.ki/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈʃa.ke/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈʃa.kɨ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈʃa.kɨ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈt͡ʃa.kɨ/

• Hyphenation: a‧cha‧que

Noun

achaque m (plural achaques)

1. frequent but minor malaise
2. a moral or behavioural flaw; a vice
3. an excuse for doing something; a pretext

Derived terms

• achaquilho (diminutive)
• achaquento

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aˈt͡ʃake/ [aˈt͡ʃa.ke]
• Rhymes: -ake
• Syllabification: a‧cha‧que

Etymology 1

Probably deverbal from achacar, from Arabic. Alternatively the Spanish noun might be from Arabic الشَكْوَى‎ (aš-šakwā, “complaint”) with the verb then denominal.

Noun

achaque m (plural achaques)

1. minor sickness, malady especially a cold
2. default, failing
3. subject, issue, topic
4. (informal) period, menstruation

   Synonyms: menstruación, regla, periodo

Derived terms

• achacoso

 

Descendants

• → Italian: acciacco
• → Ladino: achakes de

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

achaque

1. inflection of achacar:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “achaque”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014