astigmatism

English

Etymology

From a- (negative prefix) + stem of Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “mark, point”) + -ism. Coined by English polymath William Whewell in 1846.

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /əˈstɪɡmətɪzm̩/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

astigmatism (countable and uncountable, plural astigmatisms)

1. (optics) A defect of a lens such that light rays coming from a point do not meet at a focal point so that the image is blurred.
2. (pathology) A disorder of the vision, usually due to a misshapen cornea, such that light does not focus correctly on the retina causing a blurred image.

Synonyms

• astigmia

Derived terms

• anisoastigmatism
• astigmatic
• astigmatically
• mixed astigmatism

Related terms

• stigma
• stigmatize

Translations

defect of a lens

• Arabic: لَابُؤْرِيّة f (lābuʔriyya), اللَانُقَطِيَّة f (al-lānuqaṭiyya)

  Egyptian Arabic: استجماتيزم m (estegmatezm)

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 像散 (zh) (xiàngsàn)

• Danish: astigmatisme c
• Finnish: astigmaattisuus (fi)
• German: Astigmatismus m
• Greek: αστιγματισμός (el) m (astigmatismós)
• Indonesian: astigmatisme
• Irish: aistiogmatacht f
• Italian: astigmatismo (it) m
• Japanese: 非点収差 (ja) (ひてんしゅうさ, hiten shūsa)
• Malay: astigmatisme
• Māori: arotahi takarepa
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: astigmatisme m

  Nynorsk: astigmatisme m

• Polish: astygmatyzm (pl)
• Portuguese: astigmatismo (pt)
• Romanian: astigmatism (ro) n
• Russian: астигмати́зм (ru) m (astigmatízm)
• Spanish: astigmatismo (es) m
• Swedish: astigmatism (sv) c
• Thai: สายตาเอียง (sǎai-dtaa-iiang)
• Turkish: astigmatizm (tr)

disorder of the vision

• Armenian: աստիգմատիզմ (hy) (astigmatizm)
• Catalan: astigmatisme m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 散光 (zh) (sǎnguāng), 亂視 / 乱视 (zh) (luànshì)

• Czech: astigmatismus (cs) m
• Danish: astigmatisme c
• Finnish: hajataittoisuus (fi)
• French: astigmatisme (fr) m
• German: Astigmatismus m
• Greek: αστιγματισμός (el) m (astigmatismós)
• Indonesian: astigmatisme
• Irish: aistiogmatacht f
• Italian: astigmatismo (it) m
• Japanese: 乱視 (ja) (らんし, ranshi)
• Māori: arotahi takarepa
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: харааны гажиг (xaraany gažig), астигматизм (astigmatizm), хараа сарнил (xaraa sarnil) (China)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: astigmatisme m

  Nynorsk: astigmatisme m

• Polish: astygmatyzm (pl) m
• Portuguese: astigmatismo (pt) m
• Romanian: astigmatism (ro) n
• Russian: астигмати́зм (ru) m (astigmatízm)
• Spanish: astigmatismo (es) m
• Swedish: astigmatism (sv) c
• Thai: สายตาเอียง (sǎai-dtaa-iiang)
• Turkish: astigmatizm (tr)
• Welsh: astigmatedd m

See also

• emmetropia
• hyperopia
• myopia
• pointlessness

Further reading

• astigmatism on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French astigmatisme. By surface analysis, astigmat +‎ -ism.

Noun

astigmatism n (uncountable)

1. astigmatism

Declension

singular only	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	astigmatism	astigmatismul
genitive-dative	astigmatism	astigmatismului
vocative	astigmatismule

Swedish

Noun

astigmatism c

1. (optics) astigmatism
2. (pathology) astigmatism

Declension

Declension of astigmatism

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	astigmatism	astigmatisms
	definite	astigmatismen	astigmatismens
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

See also

• brytningsfel (“refractive error”)

References

• “astigmatism”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “astigmatism”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “astigmatism”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• Svensk MeSH