stigma

See also: Stigma

English

A stigma of a flower

Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, St. Catherine of Siena, c. 1746

Alternative forms

• stigmat (Anglicised long stem)
• stigmate
• stigme (Anglicised short stem, obsolete, rare)

Etymology 1

From Latin stigma, from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “brand”), from στίζω (stízō, “I mark”). Doublet of stick

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɪɡmə/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪɡmə

Noun

stigma (plural stigmata or stigmas)

1. A mark of infamy or disgrace.
2. A scar or birthmark.
3. (Christianity, chiefly in the plural stigmata) A mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion on Jesus' body, and sometimes reported to bleed periodically.
4. (literary, figurative) An outward sign; an indication.
   • 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 65:

     Bradly scowled - the stigmata of alarm. What ultimate threat to his peace and privacy did this dropping in by young Podson imply?

5. (botany) The sticky part of a flower that receives pollen during pollination.
   • 1982, Dennis Linde (lyrics and music), “Reproduction”, in Grease 2:

     Now you see just how the stamen gets its lusty dust onto the stigma / And why this frenzied chlorophyllous orgy starts in spring is no enigma!

6. (medicine) A visible sign or characteristic of a disease.

Derived terms

• social stigma
• stigmatic
• stigmatize

Translations

mark of infamy

• Bulgarian: позор (bg) m (pozor), дамга (bg) f (damga)
• Catalan: estigma (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 恥辱／耻辱 (zh) (chǐrǔ), 污名 (zh) (wūmíng)

• Finnish: stigma (fi), häpeämerkki
• French: stigmate (fr) m
• Georgian: სტიგმა (sṭigma), სამარცხვინო დაღი (samarcxvino daɣi)
• German: Stigma (de) n
• Greek: στίγμα (el) n (stígma)
• Hungarian: stigma (hu), szégyenbélyeg (hu), bélyeg (hu), szégyenfolt (hu)
• Irish: smál m
• Italian: marchio (it) m
• Japanese: 恥辱 (ja) (ちじょく, chijoku), 汚点 (ja) (おてん, oten), 汚名 (ja) (おめい, omei)
• Maori: poapoataunu
• Persian: ننگ‎ (fa) (nang)
• Polish: piętno (pl) n
• Portuguese: estigma (pt) m
• Russian: клеймо́ (ru) n (klejmó), позо́рное пятно́ n (pozórnoje pjatnó)
• Spanish: estigma (es) m, sambenito (es)
• Swedish: stigma (sv) n
• Thai: มลทิน (th) (mon-tin)

scar or birthmark

• Bulgarian: белег (bg) m (beleg)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 疤痕 (zh) (bāhén), 胎記／胎记 (zh) (tāijì)

• Finnish: arpi (fi), syntymämerkki (fi)
• French: stigmate (fr) m
• German: Mal (de) n, Muttermal (de) n
• Greek: στίγμα (el) n (stígma)
• Hungarian: sebhely (hu), forradás (hu)
• Irish: spota m, stiogma m
• Japanese: (red birthmark) 紅斑 (こうはん, kōhan), (scar) 傷 (ja) (きず, kizu)
• Persian: داغ‎ (fa) (dâğ)
• Polish: piętno (pl) n, znamię (pl) n
• Russian: шрам (ru) m (šram) (scar), роди́мое пятно́ (ru) n (rodímoje pjatnó), роди́нка (ru) f (rodínka)
• Spanish: antojo (es) m, marca de nacimiento f
• Thai: ปาน (th) (bpaan)

Christianity: mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion on Jesus' body

• Bulgarian: съигма f (sǎigma)
• Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌺𐍃 m (staks)
• Hungarian: stigma (hu)
• Irish: stiogmata m
• Italian: stigma (it) m, stimma m
• Latin: stigma n
• Polish: stygmat (pl) m
• Portuguese: chaga (pt) f

part of the pistil

• Catalan: estigma (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 柱頭／柱头 (cyu⁵ tau⁴)

  Mandarin: 柱頭／柱头 (zh) (zhùtóu)

• Czech: blizna (cs) f
• Dutch: stempel (nl) m
• Esperanto: stigmo
• Finnish: luotti (fi)
• French: stigmate (fr) m
• German: Narbe (de) f
• Greek: στίγμα (el) n (stígma)
• Hungarian: bibe (hu)
• Icelandic: fræni n
• Irish: stiogma m
• Italian: stigma (it) f
• Japanese: 柱頭 (ja) (ちゅうとう, chūtō)
• Korean: 주두(柱頭) (judu)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: kosp (ku) f

• Maori: tauhae
• Persian: کلاله‎ (fa) (kolâle)
• Portuguese: estigma (pt) m
• Romanian: stigmat (ro) n
• Russian: ры́льце (ru) n (rýlʹce)
• Spanish: estigma (es) m
• Swedish: märke (sv) n
• Tagalog: patdahan
• Telugu: కీలాగ్రము (kīlāgramu)
• Thai: ยอดเกสรตัวเมีย (yɔ̂ɔt-gee-sɔ̌ɔn-dtuua-miia)
• Turkish: tepecik (tr)

Etymology 2

Partly from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “mark, sign”), and partly from the acrophonic value of its initial st- as well as the analogy with the name of sigma.

Noun

stigma (plural stigmas)

1. (typography) A ligature of the Greek letters sigma and tau, (Ϛ/ϛ).

Translations

a ligature of the Greek letters sigma and tau

• Esperanto: stigmo
• Finnish: stigma (fi)
• French: stigma (fr) m
• Greek: στίγμα (el) n (stígma)
• Irish: stigme f
• Japanese: スティグマ (sutiguma)
• Polish: stigma (pl) f
• Russian: сти́гма (ru) f (stígma)

Further reading

• “stigma”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “stigma”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• stigma on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• stigmata on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• stigma (letter) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• mistag

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin stigma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈstɪɡma]
• Hyphenation: stig‧ma

Noun

stigma n

1. stigma, stain

Declension

Declension of stigma (ma-stem neuter reducible)

	singular	plural
nominative	stigma	stigmata
genitive	stigmatu	stigmat
dative	stigmatu	stigmatům
accusative	stigma	stigmata
vocative	stigma	stigmata
locative	stigmatu	stigmatech
instrumental	stigmatem	stigmaty

Danish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “brand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stiːma/, [ˈsd̥iːma] or IPA^(key): /stikma/, [ˈsd̥iɡ̊ma]

Noun

stigma n (singular definite stigmaet, plural indefinite stigmata)

1. stigma

Inflection

Declension of stigma

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	stigma	stigmaet	stigmata	stigmataene
genitive	stigmas	stigmaets	stigmatas	stigmataenes

Related terms

• stigmatisere ("stigmatize")
• stigmatisering ("stigmatization")

Further reading

• stigma on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da

Finnish

Etymology

Internationalism (see English stigma), ultimately from Latin stigma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstiɡmɑ/, [ˈs̠tiɡmɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -iɡmɑ
• Syllabification^(key): stig‧ma

Noun

stigma

1. stigma

Declension

Inflection of stigma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		stigma	stigmat
genitive		stigman	stigmojen
partitive		stigmaa	stigmoja
illative		stigmaan	stigmoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		stigma	stigmat
accusative	nom.	stigma	stigmat
	gen.	stigman
genitive		stigman	stigmojen stigmainrare
partitive		stigmaa	stigmoja
inessive		stigmassa	stigmoissa
elative		stigmasta	stigmoista
illative		stigmaan	stigmoihin
adessive		stigmalla	stigmoilla
ablative		stigmalta	stigmoilta
allative		stigmalle	stigmoille
essive		stigmana	stigmoina
translative		stigmaksi	stigmoiksi
instructive		—	stigmoin
abessive		stigmatta	stigmoitta
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of stigma (type kala)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative stigmani stigmani accusative nom. stigmani stigmani gen. stigmani genitive stigmani stigmojeni stigmainirare partitive stigmaani stigmojani inessive stigmassani stigmoissani elative stigmastani stigmoistani illative stigmaani stigmoihini adessive stigmallani stigmoillani ablative stigmaltani stigmoiltani allative stigmalleni stigmoilleni essive stigmanani stigmoinani translative stigmakseni stigmoikseni instructive — — abessive stigmattani stigmoittani comitative — stigmoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative stigmasi stigmasi accusative nom. stigmasi stigmasi gen. stigmasi genitive stigmasi stigmojesi stigmaisirare partitive stigmaasi stigmojasi inessive stigmassasi stigmoissasi elative stigmastasi stigmoistasi illative stigmaasi stigmoihisi adessive stigmallasi stigmoillasi ablative stigmaltasi stigmoiltasi allative stigmallesi stigmoillesi essive stigmanasi stigmoinasi translative stigmaksesi stigmoiksesi instructive — — abessive stigmattasi stigmoittasi comitative — stigmoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative stigmamme stigmamme accusative nom. stigmamme stigmamme gen. stigmamme genitive stigmamme stigmojemme stigmaimmerare partitive stigmaamme stigmojamme inessive stigmassamme stigmoissamme elative stigmastamme stigmoistamme illative stigmaamme stigmoihimme adessive stigmallamme stigmoillamme ablative stigmaltamme stigmoiltamme allative stigmallemme stigmoillemme essive stigmanamme stigmoinamme translative stigmaksemme stigmoiksemme instructive — — abessive stigmattamme stigmoittamme comitative — stigmoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative stigmanne stigmanne accusative nom. stigmanne stigmanne gen. stigmanne genitive stigmanne stigmojenne stigmainnerare partitive stigmaanne stigmojanne inessive stigmassanne stigmoissanne elative stigmastanne stigmoistanne illative stigmaanne stigmoihinne adessive stigmallanne stigmoillanne ablative stigmaltanne stigmoiltanne allative stigmallenne stigmoillenne essive stigmananne stigmoinanne translative stigmaksenne stigmoiksenne instructive — — abessive stigmattanne stigmoittanne comitative — stigmoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative stigmansa stigmansa accusative nom. stigmansa stigmansa gen. stigmansa genitive stigmansa stigmojensa stigmainsarare partitive stigmaansa stigmojaan stigmojansa inessive stigmassaan stigmassansa stigmoissaan stigmoissansa elative stigmastaan stigmastansa stigmoistaan stigmoistansa illative stigmaansa stigmoihinsa adessive stigmallaan stigmallansa stigmoillaan stigmoillansa ablative stigmaltaan stigmaltansa stigmoiltaan stigmoiltansa allative stigmalleen stigmallensa stigmoilleen stigmoillensa essive stigmanaan stigmanansa stigmoinaan stigmoinansa translative stigmakseen stigmaksensa stigmoikseen stigmoiksensa instructive — — abessive stigmattaan stigmattansa stigmoittaan stigmoittansa comitative — stigmoineen stigmoinensa

Further reading

• "stigma" in Kielitoimiston sanakirja (Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish).

French

Etymology

From Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “brand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stiɡ.ma/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

stigma m (plural stigmas)

1. stigma (Greek letter)

   Contrairement à ce que l’œil pourrait laisser croire, stigma n’est pas un sigma final grec : en effet, c’est l’évolution de la ligature d’un sigma lunaire avec un tau.

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Italian

Etymology

From Latin stigma, from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma).

Noun

stigma m (plural stigmi)

1. stigma (all senses)

Noun

stigma m or f (invariable)

1. stigma (Greek ligature)

Related terms

• stigmata
• stigmatizzare

Further reading

• stigma¹ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
• stigma² in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈstiɡ.ma/, [ˈs̠t̪ɪɡmä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈstiɡ.ma/, [ˈst̪iɡmä]

Etymology 1

From the Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma).

Noun

stigma n (genitive stigmatis); third declension

1. brand (burned mark, especially on a slave)

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	stigma	stigmata
Genitive	stigmatis	stigmatum
Dative	stigmatī	stigmatibus
Accusative	stigma	stigmata
Ablative	stigmate	stigmatibus
Vocative	stigma	stigmata

Descendants

• Catalan: estigma
• English: stigma, stigmat, stigme
• French: stigmate
• Galician: estigma
• Irish: stiogma
• Italian: stigma
• Polish: stygmat
• Portuguese: estigma
• Romanian: stigmă
• Spanish: estigma

Etymology 2

Collateral form of stemma.

Noun

stigma n (genitive stigmatis); third declension

1. medieval spelling of stemma

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	stigma	stigmata
Genitive	stigmatis	stigmatum
Dative	stigmatī	stigmatibus
Accusative	stigma	stigmata
Ablative	stigmate	stigmatibus
Vocative	stigma	stigmata

References

• “stigma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “stigma”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• stigma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• stigma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• “stigma”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “2. stigma”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 991/2

Swedish

Noun

stigma n

1. a stigma

   att ha många barn har gått från stigma till status

   to have many children has gone from stigma to status

Usage notes

• A Latin plural stigmata is also used.

Declension

Declension of stigma
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	stigma	stigmat	stigman	stigmana
Genitive	stigmas	stigmats	stigmans	stigmanas

Related terms

• stigmatisera