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stigma

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Stigma

English

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A stigma of a flower
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, St. Catherine of Siena, c. 1746

Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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From Latin stigma, from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “brand”), from στίζω (stízō, “I mark”). Distantly related to stick. (Compare Middle English stigme, from the same Latin source.)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stigma (plural stigmata or stigmas)

  1. A mark of infamy or disgrace.
    • 2023 September 8, David Donachie, A Shred of Honour: A Markham of the Marines Novel, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 2:
      But to have as an enforced dining companion a man who was probably a Papist, certainly a rake, and bore the stigma of cowardice, was anathema.
  2. (figurative) A negative and often unfair attitude (held by a group or society, to something). [1980s?–]
    • 1982, Journal of Gerontological Nursing:
      Yet, because of the stigma around nursing home placement, it is hard to find advocates from among the natural advocacy groups the families. You don't see families organized around long-term care as you do around specific diseases.
    • 2010 March 18, Dora Kohen, Oxford Textbook of Women and Mental Health, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 5:
      Hence, the stigma attached to mental disorders in general forms the basis of the stigma towards women with mental health problems. […]
    • 2018 March 8, Darko Pozder, Without Stigma: About the Stigma of the Mental Illness, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN:
      Coming into contact with the person affected by mental illness can help reduce the stigma that the public has towards the illness.
    • 2024 December 15, Amy Speier, Mobility in North American Surrogacy: A Fertile Global Industry, Bloomsbury Publishing PLC, →ISBN, page 67:
      ... the stigma in the United States about the lower class accessing “welfare,”  […]
  3. A scar or birthmark.
  4. (Christianity, chiefly in the plural stigmata) A mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion on Jesus's body, and sometimes reported to bleed periodically.
  5. (literary, figurative) An outward sign; an indication.
    • 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 65:
      Bradly scowled - the stigmata of alarm. What ultimate threat to his peace and privacy did this dropping in by young Podson imply?
  7. (botany) The sticky part of a flower that receives pollen during pollination.
    Synonym: (obsolete) summit
    • 1905, Maude Gridley Peterson, How to Know Wild Fruits: A Guide to Plants When Not in Flower by Means of Fruit and Leaf‎[2], Macmillan, page 202:
      Black crowberry. Empetrum nigrum. Crowberry Family. Fruit. — The black drupe is berrylike, globular, and incloses six to nine seedlike nutlets with a seed in each. The calyx is at the base and the stigma is at the apex. The drupes are solitary in the leaf axils. They are juicy, acid, edible, and serve as food for the Arctic birds.
    • 1982, Dennis Linde, “Reproduction”, in Grease 2:
      Now you see just how the stamen gets its lusty dust onto the stigma / And why this frenzied chlorophyllous orgy starts in spring is no enigma!
  8. (medicine) A visible sign or characteristic of a disease.
  9. (zoology) Synonym of pterostigma.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Christianity: mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion on Jesus' body
See also
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Etymology 2

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Partly from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “mark, sign”), and partly from the acrophonic value of its initial st- as well as the analogy with the name of sigma.

Noun

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stigma (plural stigmas)

  1. (typography) A ligature of the Greek letters sigma and tau, (Ϛ/ϛ).
Translations
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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Czech

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin stigma.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈstɪɡma]
  • Hyphenation: stig‧ma

Noun

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stigma n

  1. stigma, stain

Declension

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Declension of stigma (ma-stem neuter reducible)
singular plural
nominative stigma stigmata
genitive stigmatu stigmat
dative stigmatu stigmatům
accusative stigma stigmata
vocative stigma stigmata
locative stigmatu stigmatech
instrumental stigmatem stigmaty

Danish

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “brand”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /stiːma/, [ˈsd̥iːma] or IPA(key): /stikma/, [ˈsd̥iɡ̊ma]

Noun

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stigma n (singular definite stigmaet, plural indefinite stigmata)

  1. stigma

Inflection

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Declension of stigma
neuter
gender 		singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative stigma stigmaet stigmata stigmataene
genitive stigmas stigmaets stigmatas stigmataenes
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Further reading

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Dutch

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Etymology

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From Latin stigma, from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stigma n (plural stigma's or stigmata, diminutive stigmaatje n)

  1. stigma (mark of infamy or disgrace)
  2. (Christianity) stigma (wound on Christ's body)
  3. stigma (Greek ligature)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Finnish

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Etymology

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Internationalism (see English stigma), ultimately from Latin stigma.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈstiɡmɑ/, [ˈs̠tiɡmɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -iɡmɑ
  • Syllabification(key): stig‧ma
  • Hyphenation(key): stig‧ma

Noun

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stigma

  1. stigma

Declension

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Inflection of stigma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative stigma stigmat
genitive stigman stigmojen
partitive stigmaa stigmoja
illative stigmaan stigmoihin
singular plural
nominative stigma stigmat
accusative nom. stigma stigmat
gen. stigman
genitive stigman stigmojen
stigmain rare
partitive stigmaa stigmoja
inessive stigmassa stigmoissa
elative stigmasta stigmoista
illative stigmaan stigmoihin
adessive stigmalla stigmoilla
ablative stigmalta stigmoilta
allative stigmalle stigmoille
essive stigmana stigmoina
translative stigmaksi stigmoiksi
abessive stigmatta stigmoitta
instructive — stigmoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of stigma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative stigmani stigmani
accusative nom. stigmani stigmani
gen. stigmani
genitive stigmani stigmojeni
stigmaini rare
partitive stigmaani stigmojani
inessive stigmassani stigmoissani
elative stigmastani stigmoistani
illative stigmaani stigmoihini
adessive stigmallani stigmoillani
ablative stigmaltani stigmoiltani
allative stigmalleni stigmoilleni
essive stigmanani stigmoinani
translative stigmakseni stigmoikseni
abessive stigmattani stigmoittani
instructive — —
comitative — stigmoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative stigmasi stigmasi
accusative nom. stigmasi stigmasi
gen. stigmasi
genitive stigmasi stigmojesi
stigmaisi rare
partitive stigmaasi stigmojasi
inessive stigmassasi stigmoissasi
elative stigmastasi stigmoistasi
illative stigmaasi stigmoihisi
adessive stigmallasi stigmoillasi
ablative stigmaltasi stigmoiltasi
allative stigmallesi stigmoillesi
essive stigmanasi stigmoinasi
translative stigmaksesi stigmoiksesi
abessive stigmattasi stigmoittasi
instructive — —
comitative — stigmoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative stigmamme stigmamme
accusative nom. stigmamme stigmamme
gen. stigmamme
genitive stigmamme stigmojemme
stigmaimme rare
partitive stigmaamme stigmojamme
inessive stigmassamme stigmoissamme
elative stigmastamme stigmoistamme
illative stigmaamme stigmoihimme
adessive stigmallamme stigmoillamme
ablative stigmaltamme stigmoiltamme
allative stigmallemme stigmoillemme
essive stigmanamme stigmoinamme
translative stigmaksemme stigmoiksemme
abessive stigmattamme stigmoittamme
instructive — —
comitative — stigmoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative stigmanne stigmanne
accusative nom. stigmanne stigmanne
gen. stigmanne
genitive stigmanne stigmojenne
stigmainne rare
partitive stigmaanne stigmojanne
inessive stigmassanne stigmoissanne
elative stigmastanne stigmoistanne
illative stigmaanne stigmoihinne
adessive stigmallanne stigmoillanne
ablative stigmaltanne stigmoiltanne
allative stigmallenne stigmoillenne
essive stigmananne stigmoinanne
translative stigmaksenne stigmoiksenne
abessive stigmattanne stigmoittanne
instructive — —
comitative — stigmoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative stigmansa stigmansa
accusative nom. stigmansa stigmansa
gen. stigmansa
genitive stigmansa stigmojensa
stigmainsa rare
partitive stigmaansa stigmojaan
stigmojansa
inessive stigmassaan
stigmassansa 		stigmoissaan
stigmoissansa
elative stigmastaan
stigmastansa 		stigmoistaan
stigmoistansa
illative stigmaansa stigmoihinsa
adessive stigmallaan
stigmallansa 		stigmoillaan
stigmoillansa
ablative stigmaltaan
stigmaltansa 		stigmoiltaan
stigmoiltansa
allative stigmalleen
stigmallensa 		stigmoilleen
stigmoillensa
essive stigmanaan
stigmanansa 		stigmoinaan
stigmoinansa
translative stigmakseen
stigmaksensa 		stigmoikseen
stigmoiksensa
abessive stigmattaan
stigmattansa 		stigmoittaan
stigmoittansa
instructive — —
comitative — stigmoineen
stigmoinensa

Further reading

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French

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French Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fr

Etymology

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From Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma, “brand”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stigma m (plural stigmas)

  1. stigma (Greek letter)
    Contrairement à ce que l'œil pourrait laisser croire, stigma n'est pas un sigma final grec : en effet, c'est l'évolution de la ligature d'un sigma lunaire avec un tau.
    Contrary to how the eye might lead you to believe, stigma isn't a Greek terminal sigma: in effect, it's the evolution of the ligature of a lunate sigma with a tau.

Italian

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Etymology

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From Latin stigma, from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈstiɡ.ma/
  • Rhymes: -iɡma
  • Hyphenation: stìg‧ma

Noun

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stigma m (plural stigmi)

  1. stigma (all senses)

Noun

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stigma m or f (invariable)

  1. stigma (Greek ligature)
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Further reading

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  • stigma1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
  • stigma2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From the Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma).

Noun

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stigma n (genitive stigmatis); third declension

  1. brand (burned mark, especially on a slave)
Declension
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Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

singular plural
nominative stigma stigmata
genitive stigmatis stigmatum
dative stigmatī stigmatibus
accusative stigma stigmata
ablative stigmate stigmatibus
vocative stigma stigmata
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Collateral form of stemma.

Noun

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stigma n (genitive stigmatis); third declension

  1. medieval spelling of stemma
Declension
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Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

singular plural
nominative stigma stigmata
genitive stigmatis stigmatum
dative stigmatī stigmatibus
accusative stigma stigmata
ablative stigmate stigmatibus
vocative stigma stigmata

References

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  • “stigma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “stigma”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "stigma", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “stigma”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • “stigma”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “2. stigma”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 991/2

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Noun

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stigma n

  1. a stigma (something strongly looked down upon)
    att ha många barn har gått från stigma till status
    to have many children has gone from stigma to status
  2. (Christianity, chiefly in the plural stigmata) a stigma

Usage notes

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The Latin plural stigmata is usually only used in the Christian sense.

Declension

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Declension of stigma
nominative genitive
singular indefinite stigma stigmas
definite stigmat stigmats
plural indefinite stigman stigmans
definite stigmana stigmanas
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References

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Welsh

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Rhannau'r blodyn: A. wyfa/ofari; B. papws; C. anther; D. llabed; E. colofnig gyda stigmâu.

Etymology

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Borrowed from English stigma.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stigma m (plural stigmâu, not mutable)[1]

  1. stigma, sign of disgrace
    Synonyms: gwarthnod, haearnod
  2. stigma, mark on the body corresponding to one of the wounds of the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ
  3. (botany) stigma[2]
    Synonyms: nodyn, blaenig

Mutation

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Mutated forms of stigma
radical soft nasal aspirate
stigma unchanged unchanged unchanged

References

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  1. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “stigma”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  2. ^ “Cylchred bywyd planhigyn”, in Gwyddoniaeth — Pethau byw — Planhigion‎[1] (in Welsh), BBC Bitesize, 2024, archived from the original on 7 February 2024, retrieved 7 February 2024
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