bihaldan

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bihaldan. Equivalent to bi- +‎ haldan.

Verb

bihaldan

1. to keep, to hold
2. to retain
3. to rescue

Inflection

Conjugation of bihaldan (strong class 7)

infinitive	bihaldan
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	bihaldo, bihaldon	bihielt
2nd person singular	biheldis, biheldist	bihieldi, bihieldis
3rd person singular	biheldit	bihielt
1st person plural	bihaldon	bihieldun
2nd person plural	bihaldet	bihieldut
3rd person plural	bihaldont	bihieldun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	bihalde	bihieldi
2nd person singular	bihaldes, bihaldest	bihieldi, bihieldis
3rd person singular	bihalde	bihieldi
1st person plural	bihalden	bihieldin
2nd person plural	bihaldet	bihieldit
3rd person plural	bihalden	bihieldin
imperative	present
singular	bihalt
plural	bihaldet
participle	present	past
	bihaldandi	bihaldan

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: behouden
  • Dutch: behouden
    • Afrikaans: behou, behoue
    • Negerhollands: behou, hou
  • Limburgish: behaaje

Further reading

• “bihaldan (I)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bihaldan (“to hold with, keep”). Equivalent to bi- +‎ haldan.

Verb

bihaldan

1. to keep, conceal
2. to hold, occupy, retain
3. to behold

Conjugation

Conjugation of bihaldan (strong class 7)

infinitive	bihaldan
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	bihaldu	bihēld
2nd person singular	biheldis	bihēldi
3rd person singular	biheldid	bihēld
plural	bihaldad	bihēldun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	bihalde	bihēldi
2nd person singular	bihaldes	bihēldis
3rd person singular	bihalde	bihēldi
plural	bihalden	bihēldin
imperative	present
singular	bihald
plural	bihaldad
participle	present	past
	bihaldandi	bihaldan

Descendants

• Middle Low German: beholden
  • Plautdietsch: behoolen
  • German Low German: beholen, behollen

    Bentheimisch, Dortmunder, Sauerländisch, East Frisian Low Saxon, Westmünsterländisch: behollen

    Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: behaulen

  • → Norwegian: beholde
  • → Swedish: behålla
  • → Danish: beholde