cardoon

English

a cardoon
Cynara cardunculus

Alternative forms

• cardon, chardon, chardoon (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English cardoun, from Old French cardon, from Late Latin cardōnem, from Latin cardus, alternative form of carduus (“thistle”). Respelled on analogy of -oon nouns. Doublet of cardon and chard.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑː(ɹ)ˈduːn/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːn

Noun

cardoon (plural cardoons)

1. Any member of the species Cynara cardunculus of prickly perennial plants which has leaf stalks eaten as a vegetable, related to the artichoke.
   • 1611, Randle Cotgrave, A dictionarie of the French and English tongues‎^[1]:

     Means: m. Void, and emptie places between beds in gardens, reserved for speciall hearbes; such are the spaces left for Cardoons betweene rowes of Onyons.

   • 1839, Charles Darwin, The Voyage of the Beagle:

     As I have already said, I nowhere saw the cardoon south of the Salado; but it is probable that in proportion as that country becomes inhabited, the cardoon will extend its limits.

   • 2001, Clifford A. Wright, Mediterranean Vegetables: A Cook's ABC of Vegetables and Their Preparation‎^[2]:

     In the sixteenth century, Ruellius speaks of the cardoon as a food that was appreciated as asparagus is today.

Synonyms

• (perennial plant): artichoke thistle, ground thistle, prickly artichoke

Translations

perennial plant

• Basque: baratze-kardu
• Catalan: herbacol f, card comú, card comestible, carxofera borda, gallufera (ca)
• Czech: artyčok kardový
• Danish: kardon c
• Dutch: kardoen (nl) m
• Finnish: isoartisokka, kardoni
• French: artichaut à cardes m, cardon (fr) m
• Galician: toba (gl) f, cardio m
• German: Distel-Artischocke f, Kardone f, spanische Artischocke f, wilde Artischocke f, Cardy f, Distel (de) f, Gemüseartischoke f, Gemüse-Artischocke f, Karde (de) f
• Greek: αγκινάρα (el) f (agkinára)

  Ancient Greek: κᾰ́κτος m or f (kắktos)

• Italian: cardo (it) m, cardone m
• Latin: cactus m
• Persian: کرتش (kartaš)
• Polish: karczoch zwyczajny m, karczoch hiszpański m, kard (pl) m
• Portuguese: cardo de coalho m, cardo hortense m
• Romanian: cardon (ro) m
• Russian: кардо́н (ru) m (kardón)
• Sicilian: carduni m
• Spanish: cardo borriquero m, cardo (es) m, cardo comestible m, cardo de comer m, cardo lechero m
• Swedish: kardon c
• Turkish: kenger (tr), yabani enginar (tr), eşek dikeni (tr)

References

• “cardoon”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “cardoon”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.

Anagrams

• coronad