cleven
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch clivon, from Proto-Germanic *klibjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gleybʰ- (“to stick”).
Verb
clēven
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
Further reading
- “cleven (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “cleven (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English clēofan, from Proto-Germanic *kleubaną.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Verb
cleven
- To cleave; to split or slice through:
- To slice or slash at; to make a slicing blow.
- To make a crack, cut or slice in something.
- To chop off; to separate or sunder.
- To break into small pieces; to disintegrate or shatter.
- To open up; to reveal itself or oneself.
- To cause the destruction or end of something; to ruin or finish.
- To stab someone mortally or fatally (by striking at their heart)
Conjugation
4=[[cleven]] 6=[[cleven]] 14=cloven, cleveden 16=cloven, clevedenPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Conjugation of cleven (strong class 2/irregular weak)
infinitive | (to) cleven | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | cleve | cleve, clove, clave, cleft |
2nd person singular | clevest | clove, clave, cleft, *clavest |
3rd person singular | cleveþ, cleveth | cleve, clove, clave, cleft |
plural | cleven | cloven, cleveden |
subjunctive | present | past |
singular | cleve | cleve, clove, clave, cleft |
plural | cleven | cloven, cleveden |
imperative | present | |
singular | cleve | |
plural | cleveþ, cleveth | |
participle | present | past |
clevende, clevinge | (y)clove(n), (y)cleved |
Related terms
Descendants
References
- “clẹ̄ven (v.(2))”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-8.
Etymology 2
From Old English clēofian, from Proto-Germanic *klibjaną.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Verb
cleven
- To stick or adhere (use of this sense is often accompanied by on and to):
- To have cohesion or unity; to adhere to each other.
- To cling; to hold onto something; to choose to stick to something.
- 1395 Wycliffe Bible, General Prologue: 15-16.
- Therfor, whanne the vois was reisid, eft thei bigunnen to wepe. Orpha kisside the modir of hir hosebonde, and turnede ayen, and Ruth cleuyde to the modir of hir hosebonde.
- Afterwards, when the voice was raised, they began to weep again. Orpah kissed the mother of her husband, and turned around, and Ruth cleaved to the mother of her husband.
- 1395 Wycliffe Bible, General Prologue: 15-16.
- To be adhesive, sticky, or gluey; to cause things to stick or adhere.
- To be an inherent or inseparable portion or bit of something; to be intrinsic or innate to something.
- To withstand, stay put, or settle; to weather or last through time.
- To believe or follow a creed or belief; to trust or serve someone.
- (rare) To stay balanced or coherent.
- (rare) To convince; to spread one's beliefs.
- (rare) To gain wealth or belongings.
Conjugation
Conjugation of cleven (weak in -ed)
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Related terms
Descendants
- English: cleave
References
- “clēven (v.(1))”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-8.
Categories:
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch weak verbs
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English verbs
- Middle English class 2 strong verbs
- Middle English weak verbs
- Middle English terms with rare senses
- Middle English terms with quotations
- enm:Death
- enm:Time