comprendre

See also: comprendré

Catalan

Etymology

From , from Latin comprendere, late form of comprehendere, present active infinitive of comprehendō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [kumˈpɛn.dɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [komˈpən.dɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [komˈpɾen.dɾe]

Verb

comprendre (first-person singular present comprenc, first-person singular preterite comprenguí, past participle comprès)

1. to include
2. to incorporate, to contain
3. to comprehend, to understand, to grasp

Synonyms

• (comprehend, understand, grasp): entendre

Related terms

• comprensió
• prendre

References

• 1998, Joan Baptista Xuriguera, Els Verbs Catalans Conjugats, 35th edition, Editorial Claret, →ISBN, page 24:

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French

Etymology

From Old French, from Latin comprehendere, present active infinitive of comprehendō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃dʁ/

• audio:

  (file)

Verb

comprendre

1. to understand

   Est-ce que vous avez bien compris ?

   Did you understand?

2. to include

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated on the model of prendre. That means it is quite irregular, with the following patterns:

• In the infinitive, in the singular forms of the present indicative, and in the future and the conditional, it is conjugated like rendre, perdre, etc. (sometimes called the regular -re verbs).
• In the plural forms of the present indicative and imperative, in the imperfect indicative, in the present subjunctive, and in the present participle, it is conjugated like appeler or jeter, using the stem comprenn- before mute 'e' and the stem compren- elsewhere.
• In the past participle, and in the past historic and the imperfect subjunctive, its conjugation resembles that of mettre.

Conjugation of comprendre (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	comprendre
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	comprenant /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		compris /kɔ̃.pʁi/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	comprends /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃/	comprends /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃/	comprend /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃/	comprenons /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɔ̃/	comprenez /kɔ̃.pʁə.ne/	comprennent /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/
	imperfect	comprenais /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɛ/	comprenais /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɛ/	comprenait /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɛ/	comprenions /kɔ̃.pʁə.njɔ̃/	compreniez /kɔ̃.pʁə.nje/	comprenaient /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɛ/
	past historic2	compris /kɔ̃.pʁi/	compris /kɔ̃.pʁi/	comprit /kɔ̃.pʁi/	comprîmes /kɔ̃.pʁim/	comprîtes /kɔ̃.pʁit/	comprirent /kɔ̃.pʁiʁ/
	future	comprendrai /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁe/	comprendras /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁa/	comprendra /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁa/	comprendrons /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/	comprendrez /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁe/	comprendront /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/
	conditional	comprendrais /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɛ/	comprendrais /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɛ/	comprendrait /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɛ/	comprendrions /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/	comprendriez /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁi.je/	comprendraient /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	comprenne /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/	comprennes /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/	comprenne /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/	comprenions /kɔ̃.pʁə.njɔ̃/	compreniez /kɔ̃.pʁə.nje/	comprennent /kɔ̃.pʁɛn/
	imperfect2	comprisse /kɔ̃.pʁis/	comprisses /kɔ̃.pʁis/	comprît /kɔ̃.pʁi/	comprissions /kɔ̃.pʁi.sjɔ̃/	comprissiez /kɔ̃.pʁi.sje/	comprissent /kɔ̃.pʁis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	comprends /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃/	—	comprenons /kɔ̃.pʁə.nɔ̃/	comprenez /kɔ̃.pʁə.ne/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• compréhension
• prendre

Further reading

• “comprendre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.