custume

Middle English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman custume, from Latin cōnsuētūdinem. First attested in c. 1200.

As evidenced by forms such as custome, forms with initial stress and concomitant vowel reduction were common from an early stage (perhaps reinforced by forms such as custumable); though compare the rime custume:volume in the Wife of Bath's Tale.

Alternative forms

• costom, costome, custom, custome, custum, custumme, kostome
• custoum, custowme (Late Middle English); custwm, custwme, cwstwme, quostome (Early Scots)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuˈstiu̯m(ə)/, /ˈkustum(ə)/

Noun

custume (plural custumes)

1. A habit; a routine action or practice:
   1. A convention or tradition; a long-established community practice.
   2. (law) A customary law or right.
2. A fee or tax, especially:
   1. A customary payment made or service performed by a tenant.
   2. A duty levied on imported or exported goods.
3. (rare) A usual or expected result.

Related terms

• acustumed
• acustumen
• custumable
• custumably
• custumarie
• custumen
• custumer

Descendants

• English: custom
  • Bislama: kastom
    • → English: kastom
  • Tok Pisin: kastom
    • → English: kastom
• Middle Scots: custome, custom, custum, custume
  • Scots: custom

References

• “custū̆m(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “custom, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

Etymology 2

Verb

custume

1. alternative form of custumen

Old French

Etymology

PIE word
*ḱóm

PIE word
*swé

From coustume, from Vulgar Latin *cōnsuētūmen or *costūmen, from Latin cōnsuētūdinem, accusative singular of cōnsuētūdō (“custom, habit”), from cōnsuēscō (“accustom, habituate”), from con- (“with”) + suēscō (“become used or accustomed to”). First element con- derives from cum, from Old Latin com, from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with, along”). Second element suēscō is from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰh₁-sk-, from *swé (“self”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”); related to Latin suus (“one's own, his own”).

Noun

custume oblique singular, f (oblique plural custumes, nominative singular custume, nominative plural custumes)

1. Anglo-Norman form of coustume
   • c. 1250, Marie de France, Yonec:

     […] il i alast od ses amis, a la custume del païs

     He went there with his friends, according to the traditions of the land

Old Leonese

Alternative forms

• costume

Etymology

Inherited from Latin consuētūdinem.

Noun

custume

1. custom, tradition
   • 1017, Fuero de León

     a los sennores de yglesia assi como fuer custume de la tierra / et aquel que fur uençido peche por custume dela tierra / que uayam assi commo lo ouieron de costume.

     (give) to the men of the church in accordance with the custom of the land / and that who is defeated may pay in accordance to the custom of the land / that they go as they heard it usually

Descendants

• Asturian: costume
• Leonese: costume
• Mirandese: questume

Portuguese

Noun

custume m (plural custumes)

1. obsolete spelling of costume, nowadays an eye dialect or a misspelling

Verb

custume

1. obsolete spelling of costume