dhamma

See also: dhammā

English

Etymology

Transliteration of Pali dhamma. Doublet of dharma and firm.

Noun

dhamma (countable and uncountable, plural dhammas)

1. (Buddhism) The teachings of Buddha.

Anagrams

• Hammad, dammah

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Pali dhamma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /da.ma/

Noun

dhamma m (usually uncountable, plural dhammas)

1. dhamma

Pali

FWOTD – 28 July 2016

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• धम्म (Devanagari script)
• ধম্ম (Bengali script)
• ධම‍්ම (Sinhalese script)
• ဓမ္မ or ꩪမ္မ or ꩪမ်မ (Burmese script)
• ธมฺม or ธัมมะ (Thai script)
• ᨵᨾ᩠ᨾ (Tai Tham script)
• ຘມ຺ມ or ຘັມມະ or ທັມມະ or ທ຺ັມມະ (Lao script)
• ធម្ម (Khmer script)
• 𑄙𑄟𑄴𑄟 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit धर्म (dhárma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰármas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰérmos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d̪ʱɐm.mɐ]

Noun

dhamma m

1. truth, righteousness
   • c. 50 BC, The Buddha, Dhammapada(pāḷi), Yamakavagga, page 26; republished in The Eighteenth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Khuddaka-Nikāya‎^[1], Colombo, 2009:

     5. න හි වෙරෙන වෙරාචී සම‍්මන‍්තීධ කුදාචනං 5
     අඞවරෙන ච සම‍්මන‍්ති එස ධම‍්මො සනන‍්තනො.

     5. Na hi verena verāni sammantīdha kudācanaṃ 5
     Averena ca sammanti esa dhammo sanantano.

     5. For in this world hatreds are not ever settled by hatred,
     but are settled by love. This is an eternal truth.

     (literally, “5. For in this world hatreds are not ever settled by hatred,
     but are settled by love. This truth is eternal.”)

     (Wiktionary translation adapted from translation of the Pali by Ajahn Sujato.)

2. doctrine, teachings
   1. (Buddhism) teachings of the Buddha
      • c. 300 BCE, Gautama Buddha, Dhammapada :

        Manopubbaṅgamā dhammā, manoseṭṭhā manomayā […]

3. morality, goodness
4. causal antecedent
   • 2017 July 19, Vinodh Rajan, Ben Mitchell, Martin Jansche, Sascha Brawer, “Proposal to Encode Lao Characters for Pali (revised)”, in Unicode Document Register L2017/17106r‎^[2] (PDF), page 20:

     ຈັກຂາຍະຕະນັງ ຈັກຂຸວິຎຎາຓະຘາຕຸຍາ ຕັງ
     ສັມປະຍຸຕຕະການັຎຈະ ຘັມມານັງ ອະວິຄະຕະປັຈຈະເຍນະ ປັຈຈະໂຍ,

     cakkhāyatanaṃ cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyā taṃ
     sampayuttakānañca dhammānaṃ avigatapaccayena paccayo.

     The sense of sight is the cause of the factors of the eye-conciousness element and its concomitants via the non-disappearance condition.

Declension

Declension table of "dhamma" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	dhammo	dhammā
Accusative (second)	dhammaṃ	dhamme
Instrumental (third)	dhammena	dhammehi or dhammebhi
Dative (fourth)	dhammassa or dhammāya or dhammatthaṃ	dhammānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	dhammasmā or dhammamhā or dhammā	dhammehi or dhammebhi
Genitive (sixth)	dhammassa	dhammānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	dhammasmiṃ or dhammamhi or dhamme	dhammesu
Vocative (calling)	dhamma	dhammā

Derived terms

• dhammavicaya
• diṭṭhadhamma

Descendants

• → English: dhamma
• → French: dhamma
• → Burmese: ဓမ္မ (dhamma.)

References

• Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “dhamma”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead