dormio

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *dormiō, from Proto-Indo-European *drem- (“to run, sleep”).

Cognates include Old Church Slavonic дрѣмати (drěmati, “to drowse, doze”), Russian дрема́ть (dremátʹ), Sanskrit द्राति (drāti, “to sleep”), Ancient Greek δαρθάνω (darthánō, “I sleep”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈdor.mi.oː/, [ˈd̪ɔrmioː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈdor.mi.o/, [ˈd̪ɔrmio]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Verb

dormiō (present infinitive dormīre, perfect active dormīvī or dormiī, supine dormītum); fourth conjugation, no passive

1. I sleep

   Synonyms: obdormīscō, obdormiō, dormītō

   Antonyms: expergīscor, vigilō

   Eō dormītum.

   I'm going to sleep.

   Dormītūrī tē salūtant.

   Those (we) who are about to sleep salute you.

   • c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 5:

     Nōbīs cum semel occidit brevis lūx, nox est perpetua ūna dormienda.

     When the brief light has set on us, we must sleep one eternal night.

   • 65 BCE – 8 BCE, Horace, Sermones 2.1.7:

     vērum nequeō dormīre

     In truth, I can't sleep.

   • 4th-century CE, Jerome of Stridon (St. Jerome), Vulgate, 24:27:

     parum inquam dormiēs modicum dormitābis pauxillum manūs cōnserēs ut quiēscās

     Thou wilt sleep a little, said I, thou wilt slumber a little, thou wilt fold thy hands a little to rest.

     (trans. Douay-Rheims Bible)

Conjugation

Conjugation of dormiō (fourth conjugation, active only)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	dormiō	dormīs	dormit	dormīmus	dormītis	dormiunt
	imperfect	dormiēbam	dormiēbās	dormiēbat	dormiēbāmus	dormiēbātis	dormiēbant
	future	dormiam	dormiēs	dormiet	dormiēmus	dormiētis	dormient
	perfect	dormīvī, dormiī	dormīvistī, dormiistī	dormīvit, dormiit	dormīvimus, dormiimus	dormīvistis, dormiistis	dormīvērunt, dormīvēre, dormiērunt, dormiēre
	pluperfect	dormīveram, dormieram	dormīverās, dormierās	dormīverat, dormierat	dormīverāmus, dormierāmus	dormīverātis, dormierātis	dormīverant, dormierant
	future perfect	dormīverō, dormierō	dormīveris, dormieris	dormīverit, dormierit	dormīverimus, dormierimus	dormīveritis, dormieritis	dormīverint, dormierint
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	dormiam	dormiās	dormiat	dormiāmus	dormiātis	dormiant
	imperfect	dormīrem	dormīrēs	dormīret	dormīrēmus	dormīrētis	dormīrent
	perfect	dormīverim, dormierim	dormīverīs, dormierīs	dormīverit, dormierit	dormīverīmus, dormierīmus	dormīverītis, dormierītis	dormīverint, dormierint
	pluperfect	dormīvissem, dormiissem	dormīvissēs, dormiissēs	dormīvisset, dormiisset	dormīvissēmus, dormiissēmus	dormīvissētis, dormiissētis	dormīvissent, dormiissent
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	dormī	—	—	dormīte	—
	future	—	dormītō	dormītō	—	dormītōte	dormiuntō
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		dormīre	dormīvisse, dormiisse	dormītūrum esse	—	—	—
participles		dormiēns	—	dormītūrus	—	—	—
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		dormiendī	dormiendō	dormiendum	dormiendō	dormītum	dormītū

Related terms

• addormiō
• adormīscō
• condormiō
• condormīscō

• dormīscō
• dormītō
• ēdormiō
• ēdormīscō

• indormiō
• obdormīscō
• perdormīscō
• redormiō

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: dormu
  • Istro-Romanian: durmi
  • Romanian: dormi, durmi
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: dorma, dorme

    Gallurese: drummí

  • Dalmatian: dormer
  • Italian: dormire
  • Neapolitan: dormì, durmì

    Tarantino: durmè, dormere

  • Sassarese: drummí
  • Sicilian: dòrmiri, durmiri
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: durmî
  • Ladin: dormir, dormí
  • Lombard: dormì, durmì, dòrmer
  • Piedmontese: deurme, durmì, drumì
  • Romagnol: durmì
  • Romansch: durmir, durmeir
  • Venetian: dormir

• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: dromir
  • Old French: dormir
    • Middle French: dormir
      • French: dormir
    • Norman: dormi
    • Walloon: doirmi
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese: dormir
  • Catalan: dormir
  • Old Occitan: dormir
    • Occitan: dormir

      Auvergnat: dromir

      Gascon: dromir, dròmer

      Limousin: durmir

      Vivaro-Alpine: durmir

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: dormir
    • Leonese: dormire
    • Mirandese: drumir
  • Old Portuguese: dormir, durmir
    • Galician: durmir, dormir
    • Portuguese: dormir (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Spanish: dormir
    • Ladino: durmir
    • Spanish: dormir
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: dormire, dormiri, drommire, drumire
• Borrowings:
  • → Icelandic: dorma

References

• “dormio”, in Charlton T[homas] Lewis; Charles [Lancaster] Short (1879) […] A New Latin Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.; Cincinnati, Ohio; Chicago, Ill.: American Book Company; Oxford: Clarendon Press.
• “dormio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• dormio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I cannot sleep for anxiety: curae somnum mihi adimunt, dormire me non sinunt
    
  • to sleep soundly (from fatigue): arte, graviter dormire (ex lassitudine)
    
  • to sleep on into the morning: in lucem dormire