geall

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɟaul̪ˠ/
• IPA^(key): /ɟaːl̪ˠ/
• IPA^(key): /ɟɑːl̪ˠ/
• IPA^(key): /ɟal̪ˠ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish gell (“pledge, surety; stake, wager”).

Noun

geall m (genitive singular gill, nominative plural geallta)

1. pledge, pawn, token
2. bet, wager
3. asset, resource
4. prize

Declension

Declension of geall

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative geall geallta Vocative a ghill a gheallta Genitive gill geallta Dative geall geallta

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an geall na geallta Genitive an ghill na ngeallta Dative leis an ngeall don gheall leis na geallta

Derived terms

• de gheall ar (“for the sake of; disposed to, intending to”)
• geall le, i ngeall le (“dependent on; equal, equivalent, to; all but, almost”)
• i ngeall ar, mar gheall ar (“on account of; concerning”)

 

Etymology 2

From Old Irish gellaid (“pledge; testify”), from gell (“pledge, surety”).

Verb

geall (present analytic geallann, future analytic geallfaidh, verbal noun gealladh, past participle geallta) (transitive, intransitive)

1. promise, assure
2. allot (to)

Conjugation

conjugation of geall (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	geallaim	geallann tú; geallair†	geallann sé, sí	geallaimid	geallann sibh	geallann siad; geallaid†	a gheallann; a gheallas / a ngeallann*; a ngeallas*	gealltar
	past	gheall mé; gheallas	gheall tú; gheallais	gheall sé, sí	gheallamar; gheall muid	gheall sibh; gheallabhair	gheall siad; ghealladar	a gheall / ar gheall*	gealladh
	past habitual	gheallainn / ngeallainn‡‡	ghealltá / ngealltᇇ	ghealladh sé, sí / ngealladh sé, s퇇	gheallaimis; ghealladh muid / ngeallaimis‡‡; ngealladh muid‡‡	ghealladh sibh / ngealladh sibh‡‡	gheallaidís; ghealladh siad / ngeallaidís‡‡; ngealladh siad‡‡	a ghealladh / a ngealladh*	ghealltaí / ngeallta퇇
future		geallfaidh mé; geallfad	geallfaidh tú; geallfair†	geallfaidh sé, sí	geallfaimid; geallfaidh muid	geallfaidh sibh	geallfaidh siad; geallfaid†	a gheallfaidh; a gheallfas / a ngeallfaidh*; a ngeallfas*	geallfar
conditional		gheallfainn / ngeallfainn‡‡	gheallfá / ngeallfᇇ	gheallfadh sé, sí / ngeallfadh sé, s퇇	gheallfaimis; gheallfadh muid / ngeallfaimis‡‡; ngeallfadh muid‡‡	gheallfadh sibh / ngeallfadh sibh‡‡	gheallfaidís; gheallfadh siad / ngeallfaidís‡‡; ngeallfadh siad‡‡	a gheallfadh / a ngeallfadh*	gheallfaí / ngeallfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go ngealla mé; go ngeallad†	go ngealla tú; go ngeallair†	go ngealla sé, sí	go ngeallaimid; go ngealla muid	go ngealla sibh	go ngealla siad; go ngeallaid†	—	go ngealltar
	past	dá ngeallainn	dá ngealltá	dá ngealladh sé, sí	dá ngeallaimis; dá ngealladh muid	dá ngealladh sibh	dá ngeallaidís; dá ngealladh siad	—	dá ngealltaí
imperative		geallaim	geall	gealladh sé, sí	geallaimis	geallaigí; geallaidh†	geallaidís	—	gealltar
verbal noun		gealladh
past participle		geallta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
geall	gheall	ngeall
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “geall”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gell”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gellaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Template:R:ga:Dinneen
• Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 131
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “geall”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “geall”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

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Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʲaul̪ˠ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish gell (“pledge, surety; stake, wager”).

Noun

geall m (genitive singular gill, plural gill)

1. pledge
2. mortgage
3. bet, wager
4. prize, reward
5. desire, love
6. notch

Derived terms

• bùth-gheall (“pawnshop”)
• geall-barantais m (“pledge; mortgage; bet”)
• geall-cheannaiche m (“pawnbroker”)
• geall-cinnidh m (“fine paid by one guilty of manslaughter to kinsmen of deceased”)
• geall-dìolaidh m, geall-fhiachan m (“mortgage”)
• geall-meas m (“compensation for anything carried away or destroyed; estimate”)
• geall-réis m (“racing competition, games”)
• geall-spréidh m (“cattle-show”)
• geall-treabhaidh m (“ploughing-match”)

 

Etymology 2

From Old Irish gellaid (“pledges oneself, vows, promises; pledges, wagers; gives in pledge; testifies”), from gell (“pledge, surety; stake, wager”).

Verb

geall (past gheall, future geallaidh, verbal noun gealltainn or gealladh, past participle geallte)

1. promise, wager
2. pledge, vow

Related terms

• gealltanach (“hopeful, promising, promissory”)
• gealltanas (“assurance, pledge, promise”)

 

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
geall	gheall
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “geall”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gell”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gellaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language