ibili

See also: -ibili

Basque

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Basque *e-biL-i, from the root *-biL-. The "to be" and "to work" senses are semantic loans from Spanish andar (“to walk”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Navarro-Lapurdian) /ibili/ [i.β̞i.li]
• IPA^(key): (Southern) /ibiʎi/ [i.β̞i.ʎi]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ili, -i
• Rhymes: -iʎi, -i
• Hyphenation: i‧bi‧li

Verb

ibili da/du (imperfect participle ibiltzen, future participle ibiliko, short form ibil, verbal noun ibiltze)

1. (da) to move, to be in motion

   Gizon hori azkar dabil. ― That man walks quickly.

   Auto asko dabiltza errepide horretatik. ― There are a lot of cars driving along that route.

   1. to go out with, date

      Atzo Mikel neska batekin zebilen. ― Yesterday, Mikel went out with a girl.

   2. to be (used to express a quality of something)

      Synonym: egon

      Haserre dabil. ― He/she's angry

      Nor dabil hor? ― Who's there

   3. to work, function

      Nire irratia ez dabil ondo. ― My radio doesn't work well.

2. to blow (wind)

   Synonym: jo

3. (du) to travel (a path or route)
4. (du, dated) to use, to utilize

   Synonym: erabili

Usage notes

• While often translated as "to walk", this verb lacks a clear English equivalent as it can be used to express almost any kind of motion. To express movement of a particular kind, it can take an adverb, such as oinez ibili (“to walk”, literally “to move by foot”), txirrinduz ibili (“to ride a bike”, literally “to move by bike”) or igeri ibili (“to swim”).

Conjugation

Conjugation of ibili (NOR paradigm)

Mood / Tense		NOR (absolutive)
		1st sg	2nd sg fam.	3rd sg	1st pl	2nd sg	2nd pl	3rd pl
		ni	hi	hura	gu	zu	zuek	haiek
Indicative	Indicative
		Present	nabil	habil	dabil	gabiltza	zabiltza	zabiltzate	dabiltza
		Past	nenbilen	henbilen	zebilen	genbiltzan	zenbiltzan	zenbiltzaten	zebiltzan
		Conditional	banenbil	bahenbil	balebil	bagenbiltza	bazenbiltza	bazenbiltzate	balebiltza
		Hypothetic cons.	nenbilke	henbilke	lebilke	genbilzke	zenbilzke	zenbilzkete	lebilzke
		Past cons.	nenbilkeen	henbilkeen	zebilkeen	genbilzkeen	zenbilzkeen	zenbilzketen	zebilzkeen
		Future1	same as potential present
Potential	Potential
		Present	nabilke	habilke	dabilke	gabilzke	zabilzke	zabilzkete	dabilzke
		Hypothetic	same as indicative hypothetic consequence
		Past	same as indicative past consequence
		Prox. cond.1	banabil	bahabil	badabil	bagabiltza	bazabiltza	bazabiltzate	badabiltza
		Distal cond.1	same as indicative conditional
Subjunctive	Subjunctive
		Present	nabilen	habilen	dabilen	gabiltzan	zabiltzan	zabiltzaten	dabiltzan
		Past	same as indicative past
Imperative	Imperative
		Present	―	habil	bebil	―	zabiltza	zabiltzate	bebiltza

¹Archaic or dialectal.

Conjugation of ibili (NOR allocutive paradigm)

Mood / Tense		NOR (absolutive)
		1st sg	3rd sg	1st pl	3rd pl
		ni	hura	gu	haiek
Indicative	Indicative
		Present	nabilek/n	zabilek/n zebilek/n	gabiltzak/n	zabiltzak/n zebiltzak/n
		Past	nenbilean/nan	zebilean/nan	genbiltzaan/nan	zebiltzaan/nan
		Hypothetic cons.	nenbilkek/n	lebilkek/n	genbilzkek/n	lebilzkek/n
		Past cons.	nenbilkean/nan	zebilkean/nan	genbilzkean/nan	zebilzkean/nan
		Future1	same as potential present
Potential	Potential
		Present	nabilkek/n	zabilkek/n zebilkek/n	gabilzkek/n	zabilzkek/n zebilzkek/n

¹Archaic or dialectal.

Conjugation of ibili (NOR-NORI paradigm)

Expand all forms		NOR (absolutive)							NORI (dative)
		1st sg	2nd sg fam.	3rd sg	1st pl	2nd sg	2nd pl	3rd pl
Mood / Tense		ni	hi	hura	gu	zu	zuek	haiek
Indicative	Indicative
		Present	―	habilkit	dabilkit	―	zabilzkit	zabilzkidate	dabilzkit	niri	1st sg
			nabilkik/n	―	dabilkik/n	gabilzkik/n	―	―	dabilzkik/n	hiri	2nd sg fam.
			Present	nabilkio	habilkio	dabilkio	gabilzkio	zabilzkio	zabilzkiote	dabilzkio	hari	3rd sg
			―	habilkigu	dabilkigu	―	zabilzkigu	zabilzkigute	dabilzkigu	guri	1st pl
			nabilkizu	―	dabilkizu	gabilzkizu	―	―	dabilzkizu	zuri	2nd sg
			nabilkizue	―	dabilkizue	gabilzkizue	―	―	dabilzkizue	zuei	2nd pl
nabilkie			habilkie	dabilkie	gabilzkie	zabilzkie	zabilzkiete	dabilzkie	haiei	3rd pl
Past		―	henbilkidan	zebilkidan	―	zenbilzkidan	zenbilzkidaten	zebilzkidan	niri	1st sg
		nenbilkian/nan	―	zebilkian/nan	genbilzkian/nan	―	―	zebilzkian/nan	hiri	2nd sg fam.
		Past	nenbilkion	henbilkion	zebilkion	genbilzkion	zenbilzkion	zenbilzkioten	zebilzkion	hari	3rd sg
		―	henbilkigun	zebilkigun	―	zenbilzkigun	zenbilzkiguten	zebilzkigun	guri	1st pl
		nenbilkizun	―	zebilkizun	genbilzkizun	―	―	zebilzkizun	zuri	2nd sg
		nenbilkizuen	―	zebilkizuen	genbilzkizuen	―	―	zebilzkizuen	zuei	2nd pl
		nenbilkien	henbilkien	zebilkien	genbilzkien	zenbilzkien	zenbilzkieten	zebilzkien	haiei	3rd pl
Conditional		―	bahenbilkit	balebilkit	―	bazenbilzkit	bazenbilzkidate	balebilzkit	niri	1st sg
		banenbilkik/n	―	balebilkik/n	bagenbilzkik/n	―	―	balebilzkik/n	hiri	2nd sg fam.
		Conditional	banenbilkio	bahenbilkio	balebilkio	bagenbilzkio	bazenbilzkio	bazenbilzkiote	balebilzkio	hari	3rd sg
		―	bahenbilkigu	balebilkigu	―	bazenbilzkigu	bazenbilzkigute	balebilzkigu	guri	1st pl
		banenbilkizu	―	balebilkizu	bagenbilzkizu	―	―	balebilzkizu	zuri	2nd sg
		banenbilkizue	―	balebilkizue	bagenbilzkizue	―	―	balebilzkizue	zuei	2nd pl
		banenbilkie	bahenbilkie	balebilkie	bagenbilzkie	bazenbilzkie	bazenbilzkiete	balebilzkie	haiei	3rd pl
Hypothetic cons.		―	henbilkidake	lebilkidake	―	zenbilzkidake	zenbilzkidakete	lebilzkidake	niri	1st sg
		nenbilkiake/nake	―	lebilkiake/nake	genbilzkiake/nake	―	―	lebilzkiake/nake	hiri	2nd sg fam.
		Hypothetic cons.	nenbilkioke	henbilkioke	lebilkioke	genbilzkioke	zenbilzkioke	zenbilzkiokete	lebilzkioke	hari	3rd sg
		―	henbilkiguke	lebilkiguke	―	zenbilzkiguke	zenbilzkigukete	lebilzkiguke	guri	1st pl
		nenbilkizuke	―	lebilkizuke	genbilzkizuke	―	―	lebilzkizuke	zuri	2nd sg
		nenbilkizueke	―	lebilkizueke	genbilzkizueke	―	―	lebilzkizueke	zuei	2nd pl
		nenbilkieke	henbilkieke	lebilkieke	genbilzkieke	zenbilzkieke	zenbilzkiekete	lebilzkieke	haiei	3rd pl
Past cons.		―	henbilkidakeen	zebilkidakeen	―	zenbilzkidakeen	zenbilzkidaketen	zebilzkidakeen	niri	1st sg
		nenbilkiakeen/nakeen	―	zebilkiakeen/nakeen	genbilzkiakeen/nakeen	―	―	zebilzkiakeen/nakeen	hiri	2nd sg fam.
		Past cons.	nenbilkiokeen	henbilkiokeen	zebilkiokeen	genbilzkiokeen	zenbilzkiokeen	zenbilzkioketen	zebilzkiokeen	hari	3rd sg
		―	henbilkigukeen	zebilkigukeen	―	zenbilzkigukeen	zenbilzkiguketen	zebilzkigukeen	guri	1st pl
		nenbilkizukeen	―	zebilkizukeen	genbilzkizukeen	―	―	zebilzkizukeen	zuri	2nd sg
		nenbilkizuekeen	―	zebilkizuekeen	genbilzkizuekeen	―	―	zebilzkizuekeen	zuei	2nd pl
		nenbilkiekeen	henbilkiekeen	zebilkiekeen	genbilzkiekeen	zenbilzkiekeen	zenbilzkieketen	zebilzkiekeen	haiei	3rd pl
Future1		same as potential present
Potential	Potential
		Present	―	habilkidake	dabilkidake	―	zabilzkidake	zabilzkidakete	dabilzkidake	niri	1st sg
			nabilkiake/nake	―	dabilkiake/nake	gabilzkiake/nake	―	―	dabilzkiake/nake	hiri	2nd sg fam.
			Present	nabilkioke	habilkioke	dabilkioke	gabilzkioke	zabilzkioke	zabilzkiokete	dabilzkioke	hari	3rd sg
			―	habilkiguke	dabilkiguke	―	zabilzkiguke	zabilzkigukete	dabilzkiguke	guri	1st pl
			nabilkizuke	―	dabilkizuke	gabilzkizuke	―	―	dabilzkizuke	zuri	2nd sg
nabilkizueke			―	dabilkizueke	gabilzkizueke	―	―	dabilzkizueke	zuei	2nd pl
nabilkieke			habilkieke	dabilkieke	gabilzkieke	zabilzkieke	zabilzkiekete	dabilzkieke	haiei	3rd pl
Hypothetic		same as indicative hypothetic consequence
Past		same as indicative past consequence
Prox. cond.1		―	bahabilkit	badabilkit	―	bazabilzkit	bazabilzkidate	badabilzkit	niri	1st sg
		banabilkik/n	―	badabilkik/n	bagabilzkik/n	―	―	badabilzkik/n	hiri	2nd sg fam.
		Prox. cond.1	banabilkio	bahabilkio	badabilkio	bagabilzkio	bazabilzkio	bazabilzkiote	badabilzkio	hari	3rd sg
		―	bahabilkigu	badabilkigu	―	bazabilzkigu	bazabilzkigute	badabilzkigu	guri	1st pl
		banabilkizu	―	badabilkizu	bagabilzkizu	―	―	badabilzkizu	zuri	2nd sg
		banabilkizue	―	badabilkizue	bagabilzkizue	―	―	badabilzkizue	zuei	2nd pl
		banabilkie	bahabilkie	badabilkie	bagabilzkie	bazabilzkie	bazabilzkiete	badabilzkie	haiei	3rd pl
Distal cond.1		same as indicative conditional
Subjunctive	Subjunctive
		Present	―	habilkidan	dabilkidan	―	zabilzkidan	zabilzkidaten	dabilzkidan	niri	1st sg
			nabilkian/nan	―	dabilkian/nan	gabilzkian/nan	―	―	dabilzkian/nan	hiri	2nd sg fam.
Present			nabilkion	habilkion	dabilkion	gabilzkion	zabilzkion	zabilzkioten	dabilzkion	hari	3rd sg
―			habilkigun	dabilkigun	―	zabilzkigun	zabilzkiguten	dabilzkigun	guri	1st pl
nabilkizun			―	dabilkizun	gabilzkizun	―	―	dabilzkizun	zuri	2nd sg
nabilkizuen			―	dabilkizuen	gabilzkizuen	―	―	dabilzkizuen	zuei	2nd pl
nabilkien			habilkien	dabilkien	gabilzkien	zabilzkien	zabilzkieten	dabilzkien	haiei	3rd pl
Past		same as indicative past
Imperative	Imperative
		Present	―	habilkit	bebilkit	―	zabilzkit	zabilzkidate	bebilzkit	niri	1st sg
―			―	bebilkik/n	―	―	―	bebilzkik/n	hiri	2nd sg fam.
Present			―	habilkio	bebilkio	―	zabilzkio	zabilzkiote	bebilzkio	hari	3rd sg
―			habilkigu	bebilkigu	―	zabilzkigu	zabilzkigute	bebilzkigu	guri	1st pl
―			―	bebilkizu	―	―	―	bebilzkizu	zuri	2nd sg
―			―	bebilkizue	―	―	―	bebilzkizue	zuei	2nd pl
―			habilkie	bebilkie	―	zabilzkie	zabilzkiete	bebilzkie	haiei	3rd pl

¹Archaic or dialectal.

Conjugation of ibili (NOR-NORI allocutive paradigm)

Expand all forms		NOR (absolutive)				NORI (dative)
		1st sg	3rd sg	1st pl	3rd pl
Mood / Tense		ni	hura	gu	haiek
Indicative	Indicative
		Present	―	zabilkidak/n zebilkidak/n	―	zabilzkidak/n zebilzkidak/n	niri	1st sg
			Present	nabilkiok/n	zabilkiok/n zebilkiok/n	gabilzkiok/n	zabilzkiok/n zebilzkiok/n	hari	3rd sg
			―	zabilkiguk/n zebilkiguk/n	―	zabilzkiguk/n zebilzkiguk/n	guri	1st pl
			nabilkiek/n	zabilkiek/n zebilkiek/n	gabilzkiek/n	zabilzkiek/n zebilzkiek/n	haiei	3rd pl
		Past	―	zebilkidaan/nan	―	zebilzkidaan/nan	niri	1st sg
Past			nenbilkioan/nan	zebilkioan/nan	genbilzkioan/nan	zebilzkioan/nan	hari	3rd sg
―			zebilkiguan/nan	―	zebilzkiguan/nan	guri	1st pl
nenbilkiean/nan			zebilkiean/nan	genbilzkiean/nan	zebilzkiean/nan	haiei	3rd pl
Hypothetic cons.		―	lebilkidakek/n	―	lebilzkidakek/n	niri	1st sg
		Hypothetic cons.	nenbilkiokek/n	lebilkiokek/n	genbilzkiokek/n	lebilzkiokek/n	hari	3rd sg
		―	lebilkigukek/n	―	lebilzkigukek/n	guri	1st pl
		nenbilkiekek/n	lebilkiekek/n	genbilzkiekek/n	lebilzkiekek/n	haiei	3rd pl
Past cons.		―	zebilkidakean/nan	―	zebilzkidakean/nan	niri	1st sg
		Past cons.	nenbilkiokean/nan	zebilkiokean/nan	genbilzkiokean/nan	zebilzkiokean/nan	hari	3rd sg
		―	zebilkigukean/nan	―	zebilzkigukean/nan	guri	1st pl
		nenbilkiekean/nan	zebilkiekean/nan	genbilzkiekean/nan	zebilzkiekean/nan	haiei	3rd pl
Future1		same as potential present
Potential	Potential
		Present	―	zabilkidakek/n zebilkidakek/n	―	zabilzkidakek/n zebilzkidakek/n	niri	1st sg
Present			nabilkiokek/n	zabilkiokek/n zebilkiokek/n	gabilzkiokek/n	zabilzkiokek/n zebilzkiokek/n	hari	3rd sg
―			zabilkigukek/n zebilkigukek/n	―	zabilzkigukek/n zebilzkigukek/n	guri	1st pl
nabilkiekek/n			zabilkiekek/n zebilkiekek/n	gabilzkiekek/n	zabilzkiekek/n zebilzkiekek/n	haiei	3rd pl

¹Archaic or dialectal.

Derived terms

• ibilaldi (“walking”)
• ibilarazi (“to put in motion”)
• ibilarazle
• ibilbide (“route”)
• ibilbide-orri
• ibilbidea egin
• ibildaun (“wanderer”)
• ibilera (“way of walking”)
• ibilerraz
• ibilgailu (“vehicle”)
• ibilgaitz (“impassable”)
• ibilgetu
• ibilgona
• ibilgu (“riverbed”)
• ibilgune
• ibili eta ibili
• ibilkari
• ibilketa
• ibilki
• ibilkor
• ibilmolde
• ibiltari
• ibiltegi
• ibiltoki

Further reading

• “ibili”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “ibili”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Tagalog

Etymology

From i- +‎ bili.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔibiˈli/ [ʔɪ.bɪˈlɪ]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: i‧bi‧li

Verb

ibilí (complete ibinili, progressive ibinibili, contemplative ibibili, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜒᜎᜒ)

1. to buy something for
2. to use for buying something (of money)

Conjugation

Verb conjugation for ibili

affix		i-
root word		bili
trigger		benefactive
aspect
infinitive		ibili
complete		ibinili
progressive		ibinibili inabili1
contemplative		ibibili abili1
imperative		ibili bilhan1

¹ Dialectal use only.