innan

Classical Nahuatl

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈíː.nːaːn]

Noun

īnnān (animate)

1. third-person plural possessive singular of nāntli; (she is) their mother.

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse innan, from Proto-Norse ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ (inana), from Proto-Germanic *innanē.

Preposition

innan

1. (with accusative) inside
2. (with accusative) before

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse innan, from Proto-Norse ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ (inana), from Proto-Germanic *innanē.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɪn(ː)an]

  Rhymes: -ɪnːan

Adverb

innan (not comparable)

1. inside, on the inside, within

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse innan, from Proto-Norse ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ (inana), from Proto-Germanic *innanē.

Preposition

innan

1. before, within

   Du lyt levera papira innan fristen i morgon.

   You must hand in the papers before the deadline tomorrow.

2. inside, within

Derived terms

• innanfor
• innanlandsk

See also

• innen (Bokmål)

References

• “innan” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

A variant of inne

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈin.nɑn/

Adverb

innan

1. within
   • 10th century, The Seafarer:

     þonne hē be clifum cnossað. · Calde ġeþrungen
     wǣron mīne fēt, · forste ġebunden,
     caldum clommum, · þǣr þā ċeare sēofedun.
     Hāt ymb heortan · hungor innan slāt
     merewērġes mōd. · Þæt sē mon ne wāt

     then it beats near cliffs. My feet were
     squeezed by cold, bound by frost,
     with cold fetters, when there we bemoaned
     sorrows. Hot about heart, hunger within tore
     a sea-weary mind. The man didn't know that,

Descendants

• Middle English: innen

Preposition

innan

1. within

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Norse ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ (inana), from Proto-Germanic *innanē, akin to inn +‎ -an.

Adverb

innan

1. from within, from an internal part
2. internally, within

Descendants

• Icelandic: innan
• Faroese: innan
• Norwegian Nynorsk: innan
• Old Swedish: innan
  • Swedish: innan
• Old Danish: innæn, innan
  • Danish: inden
    • Norwegian Bokmål: innen

Preposition

innan

1. within [with genitive]

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “innan”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *innanā, from Proto-Germanic *innanē.

Preposition

innan

1. within

Adverb

innan

1. inside
2. indoors

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish innan, from Old Norse innan, from Proto-Norse ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ (inana), from Proto-Germanic *innanē.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²ɪnan/

• Audio:

  (file)

Conjunction

innan

1. before (earlier than in time)

Preposition

innan

1. (sometimes proscribed) before (earlier than in time)
   • 2011, Daniel Kederstedt, “En uppgörelse som kom i grevens tid [An agreement in the nick of time]”, in Svenska Dagbladet‎^[1]:

     Utfallet spelar troligtvis mindre roll då politikerna fortsätter att försöka hamra fram det kompromissförslag som förhoppningsvis kan klubbas igenom innan måndagen.

     The outcome is likely to play a less important role as politicians continue to try to hammer out the compromise proposal that hopefully can be pushed through before Monday.

Usage notes

A normative rule in Swedish has earlier been that innan is a subjunction and must be followed by a subordinate clause, whereas före is the prepositional equivalent, except for a few fixed expressions. However, the usage of innan as a temporal preposition is now accepted.

Adverb

innan (not comparable)

1. before

   Jag hade varit där kvällen innan.

   I had been there the night before.

2. (in some compounds) inner, interior

   innanlår ― inner thigh

   innandöme ― interior, bowels

   innanmäte ― insides, innards, guts

4. (in the expression "utan och innan") inside

   Jag känner honom utan och innan.

   I know him inside out. (literally, “outside and inside.”)

References

• “innan”, in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker [Dictionaries of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)