utan

See also: utan-, után, and útan

Bakumpai

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan.

Noun

utan

1. forest

Bau Bidayuh

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.

Noun

utan

1. forest (dense collection of trees)

Brunei Malay

Etymology

Cognate with Malay hutan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /utan/
• Hyphenation: u‧tan

Noun

utan

1. forest (dense collection of trees)

Cebuano

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔutan/ [ˈʔu.t̪ɐn̪]
• Hyphenation: u‧tan

Noun

útan (Badlit spelling ᜂᜆᜈ᜔)

1. vegetable

Derived terms

• mag-utan
• moutan
• utanon

Icelandic

Etymology

Related to út, úti (“out”).

Adverb

utan

1. relating to movement from the outside to the inside
2. positioned on the outside
3. without, except

Derived terms

• að utan (“on the outside”)
• fyrir utan það (“apart from that”)
• koma að utan (“come from abroad”)
• utan á (“on the outside of”)
• utan um (“around, surrounding”)
• utan við sig (“distracted”)
• utanbókar (“know something by heart”)
• utanskóla (“for a student to use distance education”)

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈutan/ [ˈu.t̪an]
• Rhymes: -utan
• Syllabification: u‧tan

Noun

utan (plural utan-utan)

1. nonstandard form of hutan

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈutan/ [ˈu.t̪an]
• Rhymes: -utan
• Hyphenation: u‧tan

Noun

utan (Jawi spelling اوتن)

1. misspelling of hutan

Masbatenyo

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.

Noun

utan

1. vegetable

   Synonym: gulay

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse útan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²ʉːtɑn/

Preposition

utan

1. without (not having)

   Eg er utan pengane mine.

   I am without my money.

Conjunction

utan

1. unless, without

   Eg gidd ikkje å gjera dette utan at du tek eit tak sjølv.

   I'll not bother to do this unless you lend a helping hand.

References

• “utan” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Alternative forms

• ūtane, ūte

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ūtanā, from Proto-Germanic *ūtanē (“outside”), from Proto-Germanic *ūt. Related to ūt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈuː.tɑn/

Adverb

ūtan

1. from without, outside
   • "Gospel of Saint John", chapter 10, verse 24

     Ðā bestōdon þā Iudeas hyne ūtan, and cwǣdon tō him, Hū lange gǣlst þū ūre līf? Sege ūs openlīce hwæþer þū Crīst sȳ.

     Then the Jew surrounded him from outside and said to him, how long do you delay our lives. Tell us openly whether you be Christ.

2. on the outside

Derived terms

• būtan

Descendants

• Middle English: outen, oute
  • English: outen
  • Scots: outin, outtin

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish ūtan, from Old Norse útan. Cognate with Danish uden.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʉːˌtan/

• Audio:

  (file)

Preposition

utan

2. without (not having)

   Vad hade jag gjort utan dig?

   What would I do without you?

Conjunction

utan

2. but (rather)

   Huset är inte rött utan blått.

   The house is not red but blue.

Usage notes

the difference between utan and men

The difference in use between utan and men, which also translates as but, is a matter of whether the content of the "but" clause is considered as something contrary to the content of the preceding clause or considered as something that partly has a similar meaning or function in the context for those involved. "That dog is not black but dark brown" would be translated "Den hunden är inte svart utan mörkbrun" if, for example, the dog was expected or preferred to be black and especially if a dark brown dog means something different than a black one to the persons involved in the linguistic situation - they could be people wanting to buy a black dog and for whom no other colours will do. The same sentence would be translated "Den hunden är inte svart men mörkbrun" if the expectations or preferences of the context is for the colour to be dark (primary relevance) and most likely black (secondary relevance). People preferably wanting a black dog but who have decided that another dark colour could be acceptable as well could use this version of the sentence, since, to them, black dogs and darkish brown dogs both have a positive meaning in this context. To the people for whom only a black dog was acceptable brown dogs had a negative meaning or, at least, lack of positive meaning in the situation described. This usage note, however, does not fully explain the difference between men and utan as translations for but. However, when utan is used there is always a negation in the preceding main clause. If there is no negation there, the normal translation of the English conjunction but is always men.

Adverb

utan (not comparable)

2. (in the expression "utan och innan") outside

   Jag känner honom utan och innan.

   I know him inside out. (literally, “outside and inside.”)

References

• utan in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
• utan in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Turkish

Verb

utan

1. second-person singular imperative of utanmak

Uab Meto

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.

Noun

utan; utnin, utan sin, ut’in, ut kin pl

1. vegetable

Waray-Waray

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan, from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔutan/, [ˈʔu.tan]
• Hyphenation: u‧tan

Noun

útan

1. vegetable