kumu

See also: k'umu, kümü, and Kumu

Finnish

Etymology

kum- +‎ -u; related to kumina, kumea, kumista and kumajaa, likely ultimately onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkumu/, [ˈkumu]
• Rhymes: -umu
• Syllabification^(key): ku‧mu
• Hyphenation^(key): ku‧mu

Noun

kumu

1. rumble

Declension

Inflection of kumu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		kumu	kumut
genitive		kumun	kumujen
partitive		kumua	kumuja
illative		kumuun	kumuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kumu	kumut
accusative	nom.	kumu	kumut
	gen.	kumun
genitive		kumun	kumujen
partitive		kumua	kumuja
inessive		kumussa	kumuissa
elative		kumusta	kumuista
illative		kumuun	kumuihin
adessive		kumulla	kumuilla
ablative		kumulta	kumuilta
allative		kumulle	kumuille
essive		kumuna	kumuina
translative		kumuksi	kumuiksi
abessive		kumutta	kumuitta
instructive		—	kumuin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kumu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kumuni kumuni accusative nom. kumuni kumuni gen. kumuni genitive kumuni kumujeni partitive kumuani kumujani inessive kumussani kumuissani elative kumustani kumuistani illative kumuuni kumuihini adessive kumullani kumuillani ablative kumultani kumuiltani allative kumulleni kumuilleni essive kumunani kumuinani translative kumukseni kumuikseni abessive kumuttani kumuittani instructive — — comitative — kumuineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kumusi kumusi accusative nom. kumusi kumusi gen. kumusi genitive kumusi kumujesi partitive kumuasi kumujasi inessive kumussasi kumuissasi elative kumustasi kumuistasi illative kumuusi kumuihisi adessive kumullasi kumuillasi ablative kumultasi kumuiltasi allative kumullesi kumuillesi essive kumunasi kumuinasi translative kumuksesi kumuiksesi abessive kumuttasi kumuittasi instructive — — comitative — kumuinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kumumme kumumme accusative nom. kumumme kumumme gen. kumumme genitive kumumme kumujemme partitive kumuamme kumujamme inessive kumussamme kumuissamme elative kumustamme kumuistamme illative kumuumme kumuihimme adessive kumullamme kumuillamme ablative kumultamme kumuiltamme allative kumullemme kumuillemme essive kumunamme kumuinamme translative kumuksemme kumuiksemme abessive kumuttamme kumuittamme instructive — — comitative — kumuinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kumunne kumunne accusative nom. kumunne kumunne gen. kumunne genitive kumunne kumujenne partitive kumuanne kumujanne inessive kumussanne kumuissanne elative kumustanne kumuistanne illative kumuunne kumuihinne adessive kumullanne kumuillanne ablative kumultanne kumuiltanne allative kumullenne kumuillenne essive kumunanne kumuinanne translative kumuksenne kumuiksenne abessive kumuttanne kumuittanne instructive — — comitative — kumuinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kumunsa kumunsa accusative nom. kumunsa kumunsa gen. kumunsa genitive kumunsa kumujensa partitive kumuaan kumuansa kumujaan kumujansa inessive kumussaan kumussansa kumuissaan kumuissansa elative kumustaan kumustansa kumuistaan kumuistansa illative kumuunsa kumuihinsa adessive kumullaan kumullansa kumuillaan kumuillansa ablative kumultaan kumultansa kumuiltaan kumuiltansa allative kumulleen kumullensa kumuilleen kumuillensa essive kumunaan kumunansa kumuinaan kumuinansa translative kumukseen kumuksensa kumuikseen kumuiksensa abessive kumuttaan kumuttansa kumuittaan kumuittansa instructive — — comitative — kumuineen kumuinensa

Further reading

• “kumu”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023

Anagrams

• muku

Hawaiian

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *tumu (compare with Māori tumu and Tahitian tumu).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈku.mu/

Noun

kumu

1. teacher
2. basis, foundation
3. source, cause

Derived terms

• kānāwai kumu (“basic law”)
• kumu hoʻohui (“base”)
• kumukānāwai (“constitution”)
• kumukumu (“stubble”)
• kumulipo (“origin”)
• molekumu (“root”)

References

• Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “tumu”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551–9
• Pukui, Mary Kawena; Elbert, Samuel H. (1986), “kumu”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, page 182

Japanese

Romanization

kumu

1. Rōmaji transcription of くむ

Malas

Noun

kumu

1. head

References

• Pick, Andrew (2019), “Yamben: A previously undocumented language of Madang”, in 5th Workshop on the Languages of Papua‎^[3], Universitas Negeri Papua, Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia (calls the language Manep)

Māori

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkumu/ [ˈkʉmʉ]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *kumu (compare with Tahitian ʻumu “to squeeze juice out [of a fruit]”) ~ *kumi(t) (Tahitian ʻuʻumi “to clench one's fist”, Samoan ʻūmia, Tongan kūmia) from Proto-Oceanic *gumu(t) or *gogom. Ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *gəmgəm (“fist; hold in the fist” – compare with Malay genggam, Ilocano gemgém)..

Verb

kumu (passive kumua or kumungia or kumutia)

1. to clench, to close one's hand tightly into a fist
2. to hold or carry an object with fingers closing around it

   Synonym: rawhi

3. to close or shut one's mouth
4. to hold one's breath

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kumu

1. anus
2. buttocks

Further reading

• Williams, Herbert William (1917), “kumu”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 182
• John C. Moorfield (2011), “kumu”, in Te Aka: Māori–English, English–Māori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, →ISBN

Tok Pisin

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kumu

1. vegetable
   • 1995, John Verhaar, Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin: an experiment in corpus linguistics‎^[4], →ISBN, page 433:

     Mekim olsem pinis, orait tupela i planim taro na banana, na kumu, painap, kon, tomato, na kaukau tu.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Yamben

Noun

kumu

1. head

References

• Pick, Andrew (2019), “Yamben: A previously undocumented language of Madang”, in 5th Workshop on the Languages of Papua‎^[5], Universitas Negeri Papua, Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia