kurnia

Finnish

Etymology

kurnata +‎ -ia

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkurniɑˣ/, [ˈkurniɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -urniɑ
• Syllabification^(key): kur‧ni‧a

Verb

kurnia

1. (of stomach) To growl.

Conjugation

Inflection of kurnia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kurnin	en kurni	1st sing.	olen kurninut	en ole kurninut
2nd sing.		kurnit	et kurni	2nd sing.	olet kurninut	et ole kurninut
3rd sing.		kurnii	ei kurni	3rd sing.	on kurninut	ei ole kurninut
1st plur.		kurnimme	emme kurni	1st plur.	olemme kurnineet	emme ole kurnineet
2nd plur.		kurnitte	ette kurni	2nd plur.	olette kurnineet	ette ole kurnineet
3rd plur.		kurnivat	eivät kurni	3rd plur.	ovat kurnineet	eivät ole kurnineet
passive		kurnitaan	ei kurnita	passive	on kurnittu	ei ole kurnittu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kurnin	en kurninut	1st sing.	olin kurninut	en ollut kurninut
2nd sing.		kurnit	et kurninut	2nd sing.	olit kurninut	et ollut kurninut
3rd sing.		kurni	ei kurninut	3rd sing.	oli kurninut	ei ollut kurninut
1st plur.		kurnimme	emme kurnineet	1st plur.	olimme kurnineet	emme olleet kurnineet
2nd plur.		kurnitte	ette kurnineet	2nd plur.	olitte kurnineet	ette olleet kurnineet
3rd plur.		kurnivat	eivät kurnineet	3rd plur.	olivat kurnineet	eivät olleet kurnineet
passive		kurnittiin	ei kurnittu	passive	oli kurnittu	ei ollut kurnittu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kurnisin	en kurnisi	1st sing.	olisin kurninut	en olisi kurninut
2nd sing.		kurnisit	et kurnisi	2nd sing.	olisit kurninut	et olisi kurninut
3rd sing.		kurnisi	ei kurnisi	3rd sing.	olisi kurninut	ei olisi kurninut
1st plur.		kurnisimme	emme kurnisi	1st plur.	olisimme kurnineet	emme olisi kurnineet
2nd plur.		kurnisitte	ette kurnisi	2nd plur.	olisitte kurnineet	ette olisi kurnineet
3rd plur.		kurnisivat	eivät kurnisi	3rd plur.	olisivat kurnineet	eivät olisi kurnineet
passive		kurnittaisiin	ei kurnittaisi	passive	olisi kurnittu	ei olisi kurnittu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		kurni	älä kurni	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		kurnikoon	älköön kurniko	3rd sing.	olkoon kurninut	älköön olko kurninut
1st plur.		kurnikaamme	älkäämme kurniko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		kurnikaa	älkää kurniko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		kurnikoot	älkööt kurniko	3rd plur.	olkoot kurnineet	älkööt olko kurnineet
passive		kurnittakoon	älköön kurnittako	passive	olkoon kurnittu	älköön olko kurnittu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kurninen	en kurnine	1st sing.	lienen kurninut	en liene kurninut
2nd sing.		kurninet	et kurnine	2nd sing.	lienet kurninut	et liene kurninut
3rd sing.		kurninee	ei kurnine	3rd sing.	lienee kurninut	ei liene kurninut
1st plur.		kurninemme	emme kurnine	1st plur.	lienemme kurnineet	emme liene kurnineet
2nd plur.		kurninette	ette kurnine	2nd plur.	lienette kurnineet	ette liene kurnineet
3rd plur.		kurninevat	eivät kurnine	3rd plur.	lienevät kurnineet	eivät liene kurnineet
passive		kurnittaneen	ei kurnittane	passive	lienee kurnittu	ei liene kurnittu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		kurnia		present	kurniva	kurnittava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kurniakseni kurniaksemme 2nd kurniaksesi kurniaksenne 3rd kurniakseen kurniaksensa		past	kurninut	kurnittu
2nd	inessive2	kurniessa	kurnittaessa	agent4	kurnima
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kurniessani kurniessamme 2nd kurniessasi kurniessanne 3rd kurniessaan kurniessansa		negative	kurnimaton
	instructive	kurnien	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	kurnimassa	—
	elative	kurnimasta	—
	illative	kurnimaan	—
	adessive	kurnimalla	—
	abessive	kurnimatta	—
	instructive	kurniman	kurnittaman
4th3	verbal noun	kurniminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kurnimaisillani kurnimaisillamme 2nd kurnimaisillasi kurnimaisillanne 3rd kurnimaisillaan kurnimaisillansa

Further reading

• “kurnia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• Unkari, karuin, kurina, unkari

Malay

Etymology

From Sanskrit कारुण्य (kāruṇya, “compassion; kindness”).

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /ˈkurniə/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /ˈkurnia/
• Rhymes: -ia, -a

Noun

kurnia (Jawi spelling کورنيا, plural kurnia-kurnia, informal 1st possessive kurniaku, 2nd possessive kurniamu, 3rd possessive kurnianya)

1. a blessing of God
2. an award from the king
3. grace

Synonyms

• kasih
• anugerah
• pemberian
• nikmat
• hadiah
• berkat
• rahmat

Derived terms

• mengurniakan (“to bestow”)
• kurniaan (“blessing”)
• pengurniaan (“awarding, investiture”)