mušti
See also: musti
Lithuanian
Etymology
Within Balto-Slavic a connection can be drawn with Latvian mustavas (“warping beam”) (compare muštùvas); Slovene mašiti (“fill, clog up”) and perhaps Bulgarian му́ша (múša, “stab, poke”) < *moux-.[1] These forms point to (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European -s- and a root of *mews- (“poke, beat”); compare Sanskrit मुष्णाति (muṣṇāti, “steal, break”).
According to Beekes[2], the root is *h₂muḱ-; compare Ancient Greek ἀμύσσω (amússō, “scratch, tear”), Latin mūcrō (“sharp point”). However, neither the semantic nor formal arguments make a convincing case for the Lithuanian term to belong here.
Pronunciation
Verb
mùšti (third-person present tense mùša, third-person past tense mùšė)
- (transitive) beat, strike, hit
- (transitive) fight off, fight back (send an opponent into retreat)
- (transitive, cooking) pound, tenderize (of meat)
- (intransitive) beat, throb, pulsate (of the heart)
- (intransitive) strike, chime (of clocks)
- (intransitive, shooting) shoot
- (transitive, sports) score a goal
- (intransitive) burst out, erupt; rush
Conjugation
Conjugation of mušti
| singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) |
present (esamasis laikas) |
mušù | mušì | mùša | mùšame, mùšam |
mùšate, mùšat |
mùša | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) |
mušiaũ | mušeĩ | mùšė | mùšėme, mùšėm |
mùšėte, mùšėt |
mùšė | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) |
mùšdavau | mùšdavai | mùšdavo | mùšdavome, mùšdavom |
mùšdavote, mùšdavot |
mùšdavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) |
mùšiu | mùši | mùš | mùšime, mùšim |
mùšite, mùšit |
mùš | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) |
mùščiau | mùštum | mùštų | mùštumėme, mùštumėm, mùštume |
mùštumėte, mùštumėt |
mùštų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) |
— | mùšk, mùški |
temùša | mùškime, mùškim |
mùškite, mùškit |
temùša | ||
Participles of mušti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | mùšąs, mùšantis | mùšamas | |
| past | mùšęs | mùštas | |
| past frequentative | mùšdavęs | — | |
| future | mùšiąs, mùšiantis | mùšimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | mùštinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | mùšdamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) |
present | mùšant | |
| past | mùšus | ||
| past frequentative | mùšdavus | ||
| future | mùšiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | muštè, muštinai | ||
Synonyms
- (to hit): daužyti, dobti, kalti, plakti, smogti, suduoti, trenkti
- (to pulsate): plakti, pulsuoti, tvinkčioti
- (to shoot): šauti
Derived terms
terms derived from mušti
prefixed forms of mušti
See also
- (to hit): varyti
References
- ^ Zhanna Varbot (1973) “К реконструкции и этимологии некоторых праславянских глагольных основ и отглагольных имен. I [Towards a reconstruction and etymology of certain Proto-Slavic verbal bases and derivatives]”, in Этимология 1971, Moscow, page 3
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN