pilum
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English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- (historical) A Roman military javelin.
- 1776, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Penguin 2000, page 21:
- Besides a lighter spear, the Roman legionary grasped in his right hand the formidable pilum, a ponderous javelin whose utmost length was about six feet and which was terminated by a massy triangular point of steel of about eighteen inches.
- 2011, Ben Aaronovitch, Rivers of London, Gollancz 2011, page 371:
- Verica plucked a pilum from the hands of the nearest legionary – the soldier didn't react – and handed it to me.
- (botany) The columella on the surface of a pollen grain.
Translations
[edit]References
[edit]French
[edit]Noun
[edit]pilum m (plural pilums)
Further reading
[edit]- “pilum”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin
[edit]![A spear leaning against a shield](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Pilum_light_-_cropped.jpg/47px-Pilum_light_-_cropped.jpg)
Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Italic *pistlom, from Proto-Indo-European *pistlom, from *peys- (“to crush”). See pistillum and pīla.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈpiː.lum/, [ˈpiːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpi.lum/, [ˈpiːlum]
Noun
[edit]pīlum n (genitive pīlī); second declension
Declension
[edit]Second-declension noun (neuter).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | pīlum | pīla |
Genitive | pīlī | pīlōrum |
Dative | pīlō | pīlīs |
Accusative | pīlum | pīla |
Ablative | pīlō | pīlīs |
Vocative | pīlum | pīla |
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]pilum
- accusative singular of pilus (“hair”)
References
[edit]- “pilum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pilum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pilum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to throw down the javelins (pila) and fight with the sword: omissis pilis gladiis rem gerere
- (ambiguous) to throw down the javelins (pila) and fight with the sword: omissis pilis gladiis rem gerere
- “pilum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “pilum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Categories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peys-
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/aɪləm
- Rhymes:English/aɪləm/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with historical senses
- English terms with quotations
- en:Botany
- en:Spears
- en:Plant anatomy
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin second declension nouns
- Latin neuter nouns in the second declension
- Latin neuter nouns
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin noun forms
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- la:Spears