quivis

Latin

Etymology

From quī +‎ vīs.

Pronoun

quīvīs or quisvīs (feminine quaevīs or quavīs, neuter quidvīs); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

1. whoever you will, anyone, anything
2. whatever (you will), whatsoever

Declension

Relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	quīvīs1 quisvīs	quaevīs quavīs2	quidvīs		quīvīs1	quaevīs	quaevīs quavīs2
Genitive	cuiusvīs1				quōrunvīs quōrumvīs	quārunvīs quārumvīs	quōrunvīs quōrumvīs
Dative	cuivīs1				quibusvīs quīsvīs1
Accusative	quenvīs quemvīs	quanvīs quamvīs	quidvīs		quōsvīs	quāsvīs	quaevīs quavīs2
Ablative	quōvīs	quāvīs	quōvīs		quibusvīs quīsvīs1

¹In Republican Latin or earlier, alternative spellings could be found for the following forms of quī/quis and its compounds: the masculine nominative singular or plural quī (old spelling quei), the genitive singular cuius (old spelling quoius), the dative singular cui (old spelling quoi or quoiei), the dative/ablative plural quīs (old spelling queis).
²When used as an indefinite word (pronoun or adjective), the feminine nominative singular and neuter nominative/accusative plural is usually qua (with short ă) instead of quae. Indefinite quă is generally only found directly after sī, nisi, num, or nē and may be considered to be either enclitic to the preceding word or (in Priscian's view) forming a compound with it; accordingly, sīqua, numqua, and nēqua are sometimes written together (as also are the masculines sīquis, numquis, and nēquis). The form quă is never used for the feminine plural, nor for any form of the relative pronoun or of the interrogative pronoun or adjective.

Determiner

quīvīs or quisvīs (feminine quaevīs or quavīs, neuter quodvīs); relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion

1. whichever, whatever (person or thing)

Declension

Relative/interrogative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	quīvīs1 quisvīs	quaevīs quavīs2	quodvīs		quīvīs1	quaevīs	quaevīs quavīs2
Genitive	cuiusvīs1				quōrunvīs quōrumvīs	quārunvīs quārumvīs	quōrunvīs quōrumvīs
Dative	cuivīs1				quibusvīs quīsvīs1
Accusative	quenvīs quemvīs	quanvīs quamvīs	quodvīs		quōsvīs	quāsvīs	quaevīs quavīs2
Ablative	quōvīs	quāvīs	quōvīs		quibusvīs quīsvīs1

¹In Republican Latin or earlier, alternative spellings could be found for the following forms of quī/quis and its compounds: the masculine nominative singular or plural quī (old spelling quei), the genitive singular cuius (old spelling quoius), the dative singular cui (old spelling quoi or quoiei), the dative/ablative plural quīs (old spelling queis).
²When used as an indefinite word (pronoun or adjective), the feminine nominative singular and neuter nominative/accusative plural is usually qua (with short ă) instead of quae. Indefinite quă is generally only found directly after sī, nisi, num, or nē and may be considered to be either enclitic to the preceding word or (in Priscian's view) forming a compound with it; accordingly, sīqua, numqua, and nēqua are sometimes written together (as also are the masculines sīquis, numquis, and nēquis). The form quă is never used for the feminine plural, nor for any form of the relative pronoun or of the interrogative pronoun or adjective.

Usage notes

• The pronoun is used in place of a noun, while the determiner is used in place of an adjective (e.g. whichever man, whatever speech). The declensions differ only in the neuter nominative/accusative singular: quidvīs as a pronoun, quodvīs as a determiner.

See also

• quamvīs
• quantumvīs
• quantusvīs
• ubivīs
• utervīs

References

• “quivis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “quivis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• quivis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • all learned men: omnes docti, quivis doctus, doctissimus quisque
    

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Portuguese

Noun

quivis

1. plural of quivi