senex
Latin
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Vecchia_zia_old_aunt.jpg/220px-Vecchia_zia_old_aunt.jpg)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). Cognates include Lithuanian senis (“old man”), Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos), Irish sean, Welsh hen, Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (hana, “old”), Sanskrit सन (sána) and Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈse.neks/, [ˈs̠ɛnɛks̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈse.neks/, [ˈsɛːneks]
Audio (Classical): (file)
Adjective
senex (genitive senis, comparative senior, superlative senissimus); third-declension one-termination adjective
- (usually of a person) old, aged, elderly
- Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 2:22:
- Heli autem erat senex valde et audivit omnia quae faciebant filii sui universo Israheli
- Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel;
- Heli autem erat senex valde et audivit omnia quae faciebant filii sui universo Israheli
Declension
Third-declension one-termination adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
Nominative | senex | senēs | senia | ||
Genitive | senis | senium | |||
Dative | senī | senibus | |||
Accusative | senem | senex | senēs | senia | |
Ablative | senī | senibus | |||
Vocative | senex | senēs | senia |
Synonyms
- (old): grandaevus, senectus, vetulus, vetus
Antonyms
- (old): iuvenis
Derived terms
See also
Noun
senex m or f (genitive senis); third declension
- old person, old man
- 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations[1]:; speech 2, section 5
- […] magno opere contemno, conlectum ex senibus desperatis, ex agresti luxuria, ex rusticis decoctoribus, ex eis qui vadimonia deserere quam illum exercitum maluerunt;
- […] I thoroughly despise that army composed of desperate old men, of clownish profligates, and uneducated spendthrifts; of those who have preferred to desert their bail rather than that army
- […] magno opere contemno, conlectum ex senibus desperatis, ex agresti luxuria, ex rusticis decoctoribus, ex eis qui vadimonia deserere quam illum exercitum maluerunt;
- Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 2:28:
- et erit post haec effundam spiritum meum super omnem carnem et prophetabunt filii vestri et filiae vestrae senes vestri somnia somniabunt et iuvenes vestri visiones videbunt
- And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions:
- et erit post haec effundam spiritum meum super omnem carnem et prophetabunt filii vestri et filiae vestrae senes vestri somnia somniabunt et iuvenes vestri visiones videbunt
Declension
Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | senex | senēs |
Genitive | senis | senum |
Dative | senī | senibus |
Accusative | senem | senēs |
Ablative | sene | senibus |
Vocative | senex | senēs |
Synonyms
Antonyms
- (old person): iuvenis
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “senex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “senex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- senex in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- senex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- still quote a young (old) man: admodum adulescens, senex
- still quote a young (old) man: admodum adulescens, senex
Categories:
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with audio links
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin third declension adjectives
- Latin third declension adjectives of one termination
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the third declension
- Latin feminine nouns in the third declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin nouns with multiple genders
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook