septem

Latin

Latin cardinal numbers

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Cardinal : septem     Ordinal : septimus     Adverbial : septiēs     Multiplier : septimplus, septemplus, septimplex, septemplex, septuplus, septuplex     Distributive : septēnī     Fractional : septāns
Latin Wikipedia article on Septem

Alternative forms

• Symbol: VII

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥. Cognates include Sanskrit सप्तन् (saptán), Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá), Old English seofon (English seven) and Old Church Slavonic седмь (sedmĭ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈsep.tem/, [ˈs̠ɛpt̪ɛ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsep.tem/, [ˈsɛpt̪em]

• Audio (Classical):

  (file)

Numeral

septem (indeclinable)

1. seven; 7
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 5.188–190:

     at Nileus, qui se genitum septemplice Nilo ementitus erat, clipeo quoque flumina septem argento partim, partim caelaverat auro

     But Nileus, who falsely claimed he was born of the seven-fold Nile, had upon [his] shield the seven streams, part in silver and part engraved in gold

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis.29.18:

     quam diligens Iacob ait serviam tibi pro Rahel filia tua minore septem annis

     And Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.

Derived terms

• september
• septemplex
• septēnārius

• septimānus
• septuplus

Descendants

• Aragonese: siet, siete
• Aromanian: shapti, shapte
• Asturian: siete
• Catalan: set
• Corsican: setti
• Dalmatian: sapto
• Emilian: sêt
• Franco-Provençal: sèt
• Friulian: siet
• Istriot: siete
• Istro-Romanian: şåpte
• Italian: sette
• Neapolitan: sette
• Ladin: set
• Occitan: sèt
• Old French: set
  • Middle French: sept
    • French: sept
    • Norman: sept, saept
  • Walloon: set
• Old Galician-Portuguese: sete
  • Portuguese: sete
  • Galician: sete
• Romanian: șapte
• Romansch: set, siat, seat
• Sardinian: sete, seti
• Sicilian: setti, sietti
• Spanish: siete
• Venetian: sete

See also

• Appendix:Latin cardinal numerals

References

• “septem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “septem”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• septem in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Solon, one of the seven sages: Solo, unus de septem (illis)