skaka

See also: skáka and skåka

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse skaka (“to shake”), from Proto-Germanic *skakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek- (“to shake, stir”). Compare Norwegian skake, Swedish skaka, Danish skage, Low German schaken, English shake.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈskaːka/

  Rhymes: -aːka

Verb

skaka (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative skók, third-person plural past indicative skóku, supine skekið)

1. to shake [with accusative]

   Synonym: hrista

Conjugation

skaka – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að skaka
supine sagnbót		skekið
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		skakandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	skek	skók		skaki	skæki
	þú	skekur	skókst		skakir	skækir
	hann, hún, það	skekur	skók		skaki	skæki
plural	við	skökum	skókum		skökum	skækjum
	þið	skakið	skókuð		skakið	skækjuð
	þeir, þær, þau	skaka	skóku		skaki	skækju
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	skak (þú), skaktu
plural	þið	skakið (þið), skakiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

skakast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að skakast
supine sagnbót		skekist
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		skakandist (rare; see appendix)
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	skekst	skókst		skakist	skækist
	þú	skekst	skókst		skakist	skækist
	hann, hún, það	skekst	skókst		skakist	skækist
plural	við	skökumst	skókumst		skökumst	skækjumst
	þið	skakist	skókust		skakist	skækjust
	þeir, þær, þau	skakast	skókust		skakist	skækjust
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	skakst (þú), skakstu
plural	þið	skakist (þið), skakisti1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

skekinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	skekinn	skekin	skekið	skeknir	skeknar	skekin
accusative (þolfall)	skekinn	skekna	skekið	skekna	skeknar	skekin
dative (þágufall)	skeknum	skekinni	skeknu	skeknum	skeknum	skeknum
genitive (eignarfall)	skekins	skekinnar	skekins	skekinna	skekinna	skekinna
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	skekni	skekna	skekna	skeknu	skeknu	skeknu
accusative (þolfall)	skekna	skeknu	skekna	skeknu	skeknu	skeknu
dative (þágufall)	skekna	skeknu	skekna	skeknu	skeknu	skeknu
genitive (eignarfall)	skekna	skeknu	skekna	skeknu	skeknu	skeknu

Derived terms

• skaka strokk (“to churn”)

Related terms

• skak

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• skake (e-infinitive)

Etymology

From Old Norse skaka. Akin to English shake.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²skɑːkɑ/

Verb

skaka (present tense skakar or skjek, past tense skaka or skok, supine skaka or skjeke, past participle skaka or skjeken, present participle skakande, imperative skak)

1. to shake
   • 1861, Aasmund Olavsson Vinje, Ferdaminni fraa Sumaren 1860:

     […] og so naar Krøningi var fullførd baadi til Kongen og Dronningi høyra Kanonurne skaka Kyrkja […] .

     […] and then, when the coronation of both the King and Queen was finished, to hear the cannon shake the church […]

2. to frighten, upset

References

• “skaka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• akkas, kakas, kaksa

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skakaną.

Verb

skaka (singular past indicative skók, plural past indicative skóku, past participle skekinn)

1. to shake

Conjugation

Conjugation of skaka — active (strong class 6)

infinitive	skaka
present participle	skakandi
past participle	skekinn
	indicative			subjunctive
	present	past		present	past
1st person singular	skek	skók		skaka	skǿka
2nd person singular	skekr	skókt		skakir	skǿkir
3rd person singular	skekr	skók		skaki	skǿki
1st person plural	skǫkum	skókum		skakim	skǿkim
2nd person plural	skakið	skókuð		skakið	skǿkið
3rd person plural	skaka	skóku		skaki	skǿki
imperative	present
2nd person singular	skak
1st person plural	skǫkum
2nd person plural	skakið

Conjugation of skaka — mediopassive (strong class 6)

infinitive	skakask
present participle	skakandisk
past participle	skekizk
	indicative			subjunctive
	present	past		present	past
1st person singular	skǫkumk	skókumk		skǫkumk	skǿkumk
2nd person singular	skeksk	skókzk		skakisk	skǿkisk
3rd person singular	skeksk	skóksk		skakisk	skǿkisk
1st person plural	skǫkumsk	skókumsk		skakimsk	skǿkimsk
2nd person plural	skakizk	skókuzk		skakizk	skǿkizk
3rd person plural	skakask	skókusk		skakisk	skǿkisk
imperative	present
2nd person singular	skaksk
1st person plural	skǫkumsk
2nd person plural	skakizk

Descendants

• Icelandic: skaka
• Faroese: skaka
• Norwegian Nynorsk: skaka; (dialectal) skåkå, skøkø, skæka, skjeka
• Norwegian Bokmål: skake
• Old Swedish: skaka
  • Swedish: skaka
• Danish: skage

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “skaka”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse skaka, from Proto-Germanic *skakaną.

Verb

skaka

1. to shake
2. to swing

Conjugation

Conjugation of skaka (weak)

	present				past
infinitive	skaka				—
participle	skakandi, -e				skakaþer
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
iæk	skakar	skaki, -e	—		skakaþi, -e	skakaþi, -e
þū	skakar	skaki, -e	skaka		skakaþi, -e	skakaþi, -e
han	skakar	skaki, -e	—		skakaþi, -e	skakaþi, -e
vīr	skakum, -om	skakum, -om	skakum, -om		skakaþum, -om	skakaþum, -om
īr	skakin	skakin	skakin		skakaþin	skakaþin
þēr	skaka	skakin	—		skakaþu, -o	skakaþin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
iæk	skakas	skakis, -es	—		skakaþis, -es	skakaþis, -es
þū	skakas	skakis, -es	—		skakaþis, -es	skakaþis, -es
han	skakas	skakis, -es	—		skakaþis, -es	skakaþis, -es
vīr	skakums, -oms	skakums, -oms	—		skakaþums, -oms	skakaþums, -oms
īr	skakins	skakins	—		skakaþins	skakaþins
þēr	skakas	skakins	—		skakaþus, -os	skakaþins

Descendants

• Swedish: skaka

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish skaka, from Old Norse skaka (“to shake”), from Proto-Germanic *skakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek- (“to shake, stir”). Cognate with Norwegian skake, Danish skage, Icelandic skaka, Low German schaken and English shake.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

skaka (present skakar, preterite skakade, supine skakat, imperative skaka)

1. (transitive) to shake (physically or to disturb emotionally)
2. (intransitive) to shake, to tremble

Conjugation

Conjugation of skaka (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	skaka		skakas
supine	skakat		skakats
imperative	skaka		—
imper. plural1	skaken		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	skakar	skakade	skakas	skakades
ind. plural1	skaka	skakade	skakas	skakades
subjunctive2	skake	skakade	skakes	skakades
present participle		skakande
past participle		skakad

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Related terms

• handskaka
• omskaka
• skakare
• skakig
• skakning
• skaka hand
• skaka om / omskaka

Anagrams

• kakas