schaken

Dutch

Schakende mannen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsxaː.kə(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: scha‧ken
• Rhymes: -aːkən

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch schâken. Equivalent to schaak +‎ -en.

Verb

schaken

1. (intransitive) to play chess

Conjugation

Conjugation of schaken (weak)
infinitive	schaken
past singular	schaakte
past participle	geschaakt
infinitive	schaken
gerund	schaken n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	schaak	schaakte
2nd person sing. (jij)	schaakt, schaak2	schaakte
2nd person sing. (u)	schaakt	schaakte
2nd person sing. (gij)	schaakt	schaakte
3rd person singular	schaakt	schaakte
plural	schaken	schaakten
subjunctive sing.1	schake	schaakte
subjunctive plur.1	schaken	schaakten
imperative sing.	schaak
imperative plur.1	schaakt
participles	schakend	geschaakt
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• schaker

Etymology 2

Gerund of the verb schaken.

Noun

schaken n (uncountable)

1. (games) chess

Etymology 3

From Middle Dutch schaken, procope of ontschaken.

Verb

schaken

1. (transitive, dated, chiefly of women) to kidnap, to ravish

   Een geschaakte bruid. ― A rapt bride.

Conjugation

Conjugation of schaken (weak)
infinitive	schaken
past singular	schaakte
past participle	geschaakt
infinitive	schaken
gerund	schaken n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	schaak	schaakte
2nd person sing. (jij)	schaakt, schaak2	schaakte
2nd person sing. (u)	schaakt	schaakte
2nd person sing. (gij)	schaakt	schaakte
3rd person singular	schaakt	schaakte
plural	schaken	schaakten
subjunctive sing.1	schake	schaakte
subjunctive plur.1	schaken	schaakten
imperative sing.	schaak
imperative plur.1	schaakt
participles	schakend	geschaakt
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Synonyms

• ontvoeren

Descendants

• Afrikaans: skaak

Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon skakan, from Proto-Germanic *skakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”), *(s)kek-. Cognate with English shake, Dutch schaken, West Frisian schaakje, Danish skage, Norwegian skake, Swedish skaka.

Verb

schaken (past singular schaak, past participle schaken, auxiliary verb wesen or hebben)

1. to move, shift
2. to push, shake

Conjugation

Conjugation of schaken (weak verb with strong past participle)

infinitive	schaken
	present	preterite
1st person singular	schaak	schaak
2nd person singular	schaakt	schaakt
3rd person singular	schaakt	schaak
plural	schaakt	schaken
	imperative
singular	schaak
plural	schaakt
	present	past
participle	schaken	schaken

Note: This conjugation is one of many.
Neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From schâec +‎ -en.

Verb

schâken

1. to play chess
2. to put in check

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: schaken
• Limburgish: sjake (with unetymological a rather than expected ao)

Further reading

• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “schaken (III)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page III

Middle English

Alternative forms

• schac, schake, schakyn, shake, shaken
• ssake (Kent); scheken, sheke (West Midlands)

Etymology

Inherited from Old English sċacan, sċeacan, from Proto-West Germanic *skakan, from Proto-Germanic *skakaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʃaːkən/, /ˈʃakən/

Verb

schaken (third-person singular simple present schaketh, present participle schakynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schok, past participle schaken)

1. To shake or quake:
   1. To vibrate, jitter, or tremble.
   2. To rock or agitate; to shake violently.
   3. (cooking) To mix or combine ingredients.
2. To cause to shake:
   1. To shake or agitate oneself.
   2. To remove by shaking; to shake off.
   3. (figuratively) To rid, cleanse or remove.
   4. (figuratively) To frighten or scare.
3. To brandish or swing a weapon.
4. To steal someone's clothing or effects.
5. To travel, depart or move.

Conjugation

Conjugation of schaken (strong class 6)

infinitive	(to) schaken, schake
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	schake	schok
2nd-person singular	schakest	schoke, schok
3rd-person singular	schaketh	schok
subjunctive singular	schake	schoke1
imperative singular		—
plural2	schaken, schake	schoken, schoke
imperative plural	schaketh, schake	—
participles	schakynge, schakende	schaken, schake, yschake

¹ Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
² Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Related terms

• erthe schakynge
• schak
• schakel
• schakere
• schakynge
• toschaken

Descendants

• English: shake
• Middle Scots: schake, schaik, schack
  • Scots: shak, shake

References

• “shāken, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.