stóll

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse stóll, from Proto-Germanic *stōlaz, from Proto-Indo-European *stāl- (“frame, rack, stand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stoutl/

  Rhymes: -outl

Noun

stóll m (genitive singular stóls, nominative plural stólar)

1. chair

Declension

declension of stóll

m-s1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	stóll	stóllinn	stólar	stólarnir
accusative	stól	stólinn	stóla	stólana
dative	stóli / stól	stólnum	stólum	stólunum
genitive	stóls	stólsins	stóla	stólanna

Derived terms

• armstóll
• hægindastóll

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Old Norse

FWOTD – 6 June 2014

Pronunciation

• (12th century Icelandic) IPA^(key): /ˈstoːlː/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *stōlaz (“stool, chair, throne”). Cognate with Old English stōl, Old Frisian stōl, Old Saxon stōl, Old Dutch stuol, Old High German stuol, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌻𐍃 (stōls). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stāl- (“frame, rack, stand”). The second meaning is a calque of Latin sēdēs (“seat”), while the third is presumably a calque of Latin thronī (“the Thrones”).

Noun

stóll m (genitive stóls, plural stólar)

1. a stool, chair, throne
   • Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar 254, in 1835, F. Magnússon, C. C. Rafn, Fornmanna sögur, Volume X. Copenhagen, page 16:

     […] þar tvískipat eptir endilöngu, voru skipaðir XIII stólar.

     […] there along the entire length [of the king's court] were set in two thirteen chairs.

2. (ecclesiastic) bishop's residence, see
   • Guðmundar saga 68, in 1858, J. Sigurðsson, G. Vigfússon, Biskupa sögur, Volume I. Copenhagen, page 508:

     […] ok fór hann heim til stóls sins; […]

     […] and came back to [the bishop's] see; […]

3. (Christianity, in the plural) the Thrones (a class of angels)
   • Old Norwegian Homily Book, in 1864, C. R. Unger, Gammel Norsk Homiliebog. Christiania, page 185, lines 11-12:

     […] þat ero englar oc hofuðenglar oc craftar, veldisenglar oc hofðingiar, drotnar oc stolar, […]

     […] there are angels and archangels and Powers, Virtues and Principalities, Dominions and Thrones, […]

Declension

  Declension of stóll (strong a-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	stóll	stóllinn	stólar	stólarnir
accusative	stól	stólinn	stóla	stólana
dative	stóli	stólinum	stólum	stólunum
genitive	stóls	stólsins	stóla	stólanna

Derived terms

• biskupsstóll (“bishop's see”)
• gullstóll (“golden chair”)
• rǫkstóll (“council seat”)
• stólbrúða, stólbrúðr (“chair-post”)
• stólkonungr (“the Greek emperor”)
• stólmaðr (“chairman”)
• stólsetning (“enthroning”)
• stólsettr (“enthroned”)

 

Descendants

• Icelandic: stóll
• Faroese: stólur
• Norn: stol, stul, støl
• Norwegian Bokmål: stol
• Norwegian Nynorsk: stol
• Old Swedish: stōl
  • Swedish: stol
  • → Finnish: tuoli
  • → Ingrian: stooli
• Danish: stol
• Gutnish: stol, stul

Etymology 2

Presumably from Old East Slavic столъ (stolŭ, “table”).

Noun

stóll m (genitive stóls, plural stólar)

1. a table for eating and drinking
   • Bósa saga ok Herrauðs 12, in 1830, C. C. Rafn, Fornaldar sögur Nordrlanda, Volume III. Copenhagen, page 223:

     […] hann tók borðbúnað af stólnum, ok kastaði upp í sængina, […]

     […] he took the dishes from the table and threw them up in the bed sheets, […]

Declension

  Declension of stóll (strong a-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	stóll	stóllinn	stólar	stólarnir
accusative	stól	stólinn	stóla	stólana
dative	stóli	stólinum	stólum	stólunum
genitive	stóls	stólsins	stóla	stólanna

Etymology 3

Ultimately from Ancient Greek στόλος (stólos, “army, fleet, troop”).

Noun

stóll m (genitive stóls, plural stólar)

1. (especially in compounds) a stock (especially of weapons and ships), host, fleet
   • Sverris saga 71, in 1834, F. Magnússon, C. C. Rafn, Fornmanna sögur, Volume VIII, Copenhagen, page 177:

     Í þenna tíma hafði Magnús konúngr einn allan skipastólinn, […]

     At that time had king Magnus an entire fleet of ships, […]

Declension

  Declension of stóll (strong a-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	stóll	stóllinn	stólar	stólarnir
accusative	stól	stólinn	stóla	stólana
dative	stóli	stólinum	stólum	stólunum
genitive	stóls	stólsins	stóla	stólanna

Derived terms

• hǫfuðstóll (“funds, stock”)
• skipastóll (“fleet”)

 

References

• stóll in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, R. Cleasby and G. Vigfússon, Clarendon Press, 1874, at Internet Archive.
• stóll in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.