victus

Latin

Etymology 1

From vīvō (“live, survive”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯iːk.tus/, [ˈu̯iːkt̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvik.tus/, [ˈvikt̪us]

Noun

vīctus m (genitive vīctūs); fourth declension

1. living, way of life
2. nourishment, provision, diet, that which sustains life

Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	vīctus	vīctūs
Genitive	vīctūs	vīctuum
Dative	vīctuī	vīctibus
Accusative	vīctum	vīctūs
Ablative	vīctū	vīctibus
Vocative	vīctus	vīctūs

Related terms

• vīctum
• vīctuālis

Descendants

• Aromanian: yiptu, viptu
• Italian: vitto
• Romanian: vipt
• Spanish: victo

Etymology 2

Perfect passive participle of vincō (“conquer”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯ik.tus/, [ˈu̯ɪkt̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvik.tus/, [ˈvikt̪us]

Participle

victus (feminine victa, neuter victum); first/second-declension participle

1. conquered, subdued, having been conquered.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	victus	victa	victum		victī	victae	victa
Genitive	victī	victae	victī		victōrum	victārum	victōrum
Dative	victō		victō		victīs
Accusative	victum	victam	victum		victōs	victās	victa
Ablative	victō	victā	victō		victīs
Vocative	victe	victa	victum		victī	victae	victa

Antonyms

• invictus

Descendants

• Aromanian: azvimtu
• Italian: vinto
• Sardinian: bintu

References

• “victus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “victus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• victus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• victus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to have attained to a high degree of culture: omni vita atque victu excultum atque expolitum esse (Brut. 25. 95)
    
  • daily bread: victus cotidianus
    
  • meagre diet: victus tenuis (Fin. 2. 28. 90)
    
  • (ambiguous) the necessaries of life: quae ad victum pertinent
    
  • (ambiguous) things indispensable to a life of comfort: res ad victum cultumque necessariae
    
  • (ambiguous) a livelihood: quae suppeditant ad victum (Off. 1. 4. 12)
    
  • (ambiguous) to earn a livelihood by something: victum aliqua re quaerere
    
  • (ambiguous) to be defeated in fight, lose the battle: proelio vinci, superari, inferiorem, victum discedere
    
• “victus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers