vocalis

English

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin vōcālis.

Noun

vocalis

1. A triangular band of muscle, inserted into the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage, and into the adjacent portion of its anterior surface; it lies parallel with the vocal ligament, to which it is adherent.

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Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /u̯oːˈkaː.lis/, [u̯oːˈkäːlʲɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /voˈka.lis/, [voˈkäːlis]

• Audio (Classical):

  (file)

Etymology 1

(deprecated template usage)

Derived from the oblique stem vōc- of vōx (“voice”) +‎ -ālis (“-al”, adjective-forming derivational suffix).

Adjective

vōcālis (neuter vōcāle, adverb vōcāliter); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. vocal, having a voice, speaking
2. sounding, not silent
3. sonorous, melodious
4. never silent
5. prophesying

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	vōcālis	vōcāle		vōcālēs	vōcālia
Genitive	vōcālis			vōcālium
Dative	vōcālī			vōcālibus
Accusative	vōcālem	vōcāle		vōcālēs vōcālīs	vōcālia
Ablative	vōcālī			vōcālibus
Vocative	vōcālis	vōcāle		vōcālēs	vōcālia

Derived terms

• vōcālitās
• vōcāliter

Descendants

• Catalan: vocal
• Dutch: vocaal
• English: vocal
• French: vocal
• German: vokal

• Italian: vocale
• Portuguese: vocal
• Romanian: vocal
• Spanish: vocal
• Swedish: vokal

Etymology 2

Noun use of the adjective vōcālis, in elliptical use for littera vōcālis or lītera vōcālis (literally “sounding letter”), a calque of Ancient Greek φωνῆεν (phōnêen).

Noun

vōcālis f (genitive vōcālis); third declension

1. (grammar) vowel

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem, ablative singular in -e or -ī).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	vōcālis	vōcālēs
Genitive	vōcālis	vōcālium
Dative	vōcālī	vōcālibus
Accusative	vōcālem	vōcālēs vōcālīs
Ablative	vōcāle vōcālī	vōcālibus
Vocative	vōcālis	vōcālēs

Synonyms

• littera vōcālis
• lītera vōcālis

Descendants

• Catalan: vocal
• → Dutch: vocaal m
• Old French: voyeul, vouel
  • French: voyelle
  • → English: vowel
• → German: Vokal m
• → Irish: guta (calque)
• Italian: vocale
• → Latvian: vokālis

• Portuguese: vogal
• Romansch: vocal
• → Russian: гла́сный (glásnyj) (calque)
• Spanish: vocal
  • → Basque: bokal
• → Swedish: vokal
• → Ukrainian: голосний (holosnyj) (calque)

See also

• cōnsonāns

References

• “vocalis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vocalis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vocalis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vocalis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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Middle High German

Etymology

From Latin vōcālis.

Noun

vocalis f

1. vowel
   • 13th century. In: Seifried Helbling. Herausgegeben und erklärt von Joseph Seemüller, Halle a. S., 1886, p. 237f.:

     Quinque sunt vocales
     A E I O U.
     Diu êrst vocalis ist daz â.
     [...]
     Diu dritt vocalis ist daz î.
     [...]
     Diu fünft vocalis ist daz û.
     [...]

   • 13th century. In: Das deutsche Kirchenlied von der ältesten Zeit bis zu Anfang des XVII. Jahrhunderts. Von Philipp Wackernagel. Zweiter Band, Leipzig, 1867, p. 209:

     Quinque sunt vocales, | A E I O U. | Diu erst vocalis ist daz a. | [...] | Diu dritt vocalis ist daz i. | [...] | Diu vünft vocalis ist daz u. | [...]

Related terms

• vocales