सिन्धु
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Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- সিন্ধু (Assamese script)
- ᬲᬶᬦ᭄ᬥᬸ (Balinese script)
- সিন্ধু (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰰𑰡𑰿𑰠𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀺𑀦𑁆𑀥𑀼 (Brahmi script)
- သိန္ဓု (Burmese script)
- સિન્ધુ (Gujarati script)
- ਸਿਨ੍ਧੁ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑌿𑌨𑍍𑌧𑍁 (Grantha script)
- ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦣꦸ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂱𑂢𑂹𑂡𑂳 (Kaithi script)
- ಸಿನ್ಧು (Kannada script)
- សិន្ធុ (Khmer script)
- ສິນ຺ຘຸ (Lao script)
- സിന്ധു (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᡳᠨᢡᡠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘱𑘡𑘿𑘠𑘳 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠢᠨᢑᠾᠤ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧒𑧁𑧠𑧀𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑐶𑐣𑑂𑐢𑐸 (Newa script)
- ସିନ୍ଧୁ (Odia script)
- ꢱꢶꢥ꣄ꢤꢸ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆴𑆤𑇀𑆣𑆶 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖰𑖡𑖿𑖠𑖲 (Siddham script)
- සින්ධු (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁𑩑𑩯 𑪙𑩮𑩒 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚮𑚝𑚶𑚜𑚰 (Takri script)
- ஸிந்து⁴ (Tamil script)
- సిన్ధు (Telugu script)
- สินฺธุ (Thai script)
- སི་ནྡྷུ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑒱𑒢𑓂𑒡𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑨁𑨝𑩇𑨜𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *síndʰuṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš, possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate. Alternatively, from सेधति (sédhati, “to go, move”), but that does not explain the voiced nasal.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]सिन्धु • (síndhu) stem, m or f
- a river, stream (especially the Indus, and in this sense said to be the only river regarded as masculine gender; compare सिन्धुनदी (sindhunadī) (RV. etc.)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.32.12:
- अश्व्यो॒ वारो॑ अभव॒स्तदि॑न्द्र सृ॒के यत्त्वा॑ प्र॒त्यह॑न्दे॒व एक॑:।
अज॑यो॒ गा अज॑यः शूर॒ सोम॒मवा॑सृज॒: सर्त॑वे स॒प्त सिन्धू॑न्॥- áśvyo vā́ro abhavastádindra sṛké yáttvā pratyáhandevá éka:.
ájayo gā́ ájayaḥ śūra sómamávāsṛja: sártave saptá síndhūn. - When the single resplendent Vṛtra returned the blow which had been inflicted, Indra by your thunderbolt, you became furious like a horse's tail.
You have rescued the kine; you have won, Hero, the Soma juice; you have let loose the Seven Rivers to flow.
- áśvyo vā́ro abhavastádindra sṛké yáttvā pratyáhandevá éka:.
- अश्व्यो॒ वारो॑ अभव॒स्तदि॑न्द्र सृ॒के यत्त्वा॑ प्र॒त्यह॑न्दे॒व एक॑:।
- (Vedic religion), the river Indus personified as a goddess.
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.75.6:
- तृ॒ष्टाम॑या प्रथ॒मं यात॑वे स॒जूः सु॒सर्त्वा॑ र॒सया॑ श्वे॒त्या त्या।
त्वं सि॑न्धो॒ कुभ॑या गोम॒तीं क्रुमुं॑ मेह॒त्न्वा स॒रथं॒ याभि॒रीय॑से॥- tṛṣṭā́mayā prathamáṃ yā́tave sajū́ḥ susártvā rasáyā śvetyā́ tyā́.
tváṃ sindho kúbhayā gomatī́ṃ krúmuṃ mehatnvā́ saráthaṃ yā́bhirī́yase. - You, Sindhu, in order to reach the swift-moving Gomatī, have united, yourself first with the Tṛṣṭāmā; (now be united) with the Susartu, the Rasā, the Śveti, the Kubha, and the Mehatnu, inconjunction with which streams you do advance.
- tṛṣṭā́mayā prathamáṃ yā́tave sajū́ḥ susártvā rasáyā śvetyā́ tyā́.
- तृ॒ष्टाम॑या प्रथ॒मं यात॑वे स॒जूः सु॒सर्त्वा॑ र॒सया॑ श्वे॒त्या त्या।
- flood, waters (also in the sky) (RV., AV.)
- ocean, sea (RV. etc.)
- a symbolical term for the number 4; compare समुद्र (samudra) (Gaṇit.)
- name of Varuṇa (as god of the ocean) (MW.)
- the moisture of the lips (Kum.)
- water ejected from an elephant's trunk (= वमथु (vamathu)) (L.)
- the exudation from an elephant's temples (L.)
- the country around the Indus (commonly called Sindh; in plural: "the inhabitants of Sindh") (MBh., Kāv.)
- name of Vishnu (RV., MBh.)
- white or refined borax (= श्वेतटण्कण (śvetaṭaṅkaṇa)) (L.)
- (music) a particular राग (rāga) (Saṃgītas.)
Declension
[edit]Masculine u-stem declension of सिन्धु (síndhu) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सिन्धुः síndhuḥ |
सिन्धू síndhū |
सिन्धवः síndhavaḥ |
Vocative | सिन्धो síndho |
सिन्धू síndhū |
सिन्धवः síndhavaḥ |
Accusative | सिन्धुम् síndhum |
सिन्धू síndhū |
सिन्धून् síndhūn |
Instrumental | सिन्धुना / सिन्ध्वा¹ síndhunā / síndhvā¹ |
सिन्धुभ्याम् síndhubhyām |
सिन्धुभिः síndhubhiḥ |
Dative | सिन्धवे síndhave |
सिन्धुभ्याम् síndhubhyām |
सिन्धुभ्यः síndhubhyaḥ |
Ablative | सिन्धोः síndhoḥ |
सिन्धुभ्याम् síndhubhyām |
सिन्धुभ्यः síndhubhyaḥ |
Genitive | सिन्धोः síndhoḥ |
सिन्ध्वोः síndhvoḥ |
सिन्धूनाम् síndhūnām |
Locative | सिन्धौ síndhau |
सिन्ध्वोः síndhvoḥ |
सिन्धुषु síndhuṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine u-stem declension of सिन्धु (síndhu) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सिन्धुः síndhuḥ |
सिन्धू síndhū |
सिन्धवः síndhavaḥ |
Vocative | सिन्धो síndho |
सिन्धू síndhū |
सिन्धवः síndhavaḥ |
Accusative | सिन्धुम् síndhum |
सिन्धू síndhū |
सिन्धूः síndhūḥ |
Instrumental | सिन्ध्वा síndhvā |
सिन्धुभ्याम् síndhubhyām |
सिन्धुभिः síndhubhiḥ |
Dative | सिन्धवे / सिन्ध्वै¹ síndhave / síndhvai¹ |
सिन्धुभ्याम् síndhubhyām |
सिन्धुभ्यः síndhubhyaḥ |
Ablative | सिन्धोः / सिन्ध्वाः¹ / सिन्ध्वै² síndhoḥ / síndhvāḥ¹ / síndhvai² |
सिन्धुभ्याम् síndhubhyām |
सिन्धुभ्यः síndhubhyaḥ |
Genitive | सिन्धोः / सिन्ध्वाः¹ / सिन्ध्वै² síndhoḥ / síndhvāḥ¹ / síndhvai² |
सिन्ध्वोः síndhvoḥ |
सिन्धूनाम् síndhūnām |
Locative | सिन्धौ / सिन्ध्वाम्¹ síndhau / síndhvām¹ |
सिन्ध्वोः síndhvoḥ |
सिन्धुषु síndhuṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms
[edit]- सैन्धव (saindhava)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “सिन्धु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1217.
Categories:
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from the BMAC substrate
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit feminine nouns
- Sanskrit nouns with multiple genders
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- sa:Vedic religion
- sa:Music
- Sanskrit u-stem nouns