亡くなる

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Etymology

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The adverbial -く (-ku) form of adjective 無い (nai, not, missing, not present) + verb なる (naru, to become): literally, "to become not, to become nonexistent".[1][2]

The spelling of the na- root of nai and naku naru is reserved for the meaning of "dead, gone".

Cognate with ()くなる (naku naru).

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「亡くなる
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
亡くなる くなる [nàkúnárú]
Imperative (命令形) 亡くなれ くなれ [nàkúnáré]
Key constructions
Passive 亡くなられる くなられる [nàkúnárárérú]
Causative 亡くならせる くならせる [nàkúnárásérú]
Potential - - -
Volitional 亡くなろう くなろ [nàkúnáróꜜò]
Negative 亡くならない くならない [nàkúnáránáí]
Negative perfective 亡くならなかった くならなかった [nàkúnáránáꜜkàttà]
Formal 亡くなります くなりま [nàkúnárímáꜜsù]
Perfective 亡くなった くなった [nàkúnáttá]
Conjunctive 亡くなって くなって [nàkúnátté]
Hypothetical conditional 亡くなれば くなれ [nàkúnáréꜜbà]

Verb

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()くなる (naku naruintransitive godan (stem ()くなり (naku nari), past ()くなった (naku natta))

  1. (polite) to die

Conjugation

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Synonyms

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References

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  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN