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無い

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of 無い
Plain 無い [náꜜì]
Conjunctive 無くて くて [náꜜkùtè]
Continuative 無く [náꜜkù]
Negative 無くない くない [náꜜkù nàì]
Past 無かった かった [náꜜkàttà]
Negative past 無くなかった くなかった [náꜜkù nàkàttà]
Conditional 無ければ ければ [náꜜkèrèbà]
Terminal 無い [náꜜì]
Formal 無いです いです [náꜜì dèsù]

Adjective

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() (nai-i (adverbial () (naku))

  1. no; nonexistent
    (わたし)がテーブルの(うえ)(たし)かに()いたリンゴが()
    Watashi ga tēburu no ue ni tashika ni oita ringo ga nai.
    I know I put an apple on the table, but it's gone.
    名前(なまえ)はまだ()
    Namae wa mada nai.
    I don't yet have a name.
  2. not possessed or unavailable for one to use; not having
    (かね)ない
    Okane ga nai.
    I have no money.
  3. not yet come, (expected but) not arrived
  4. first in occurrence

Usage notes

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  • This is only used with inanimate objects or things, with a few exceptions. When describing people or animals, () (iru) is used instead.
  • The kana spelling alone (ない) is preferred to the spelling with kanji (無い), which is rarely used.
  • This kanji spelling is not used for the auxiliary ending ない, which, despite having conjugation akin to this adjective, is originally a different word.

Inflection

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Synonyms

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Antonyms

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References

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  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.