사과

Jeju

Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 沙果. Cognate to Korean 사과 (sagwa).

Pronunciation

• (Morphophonemic) IPA^(key): ⫽sakwa⫽
• (Jeju City) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠ɡwa]
• Phonetic hangul: [사과]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sagwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sagwa
Yale Romanization?	sakwa

Noun

사과 (sagwa)

1. apple

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Eonhae duchang jibyo (諺解痘瘡集要 / 언해두창집요), 1608, as Early Modern Korean ᄉᆞ과. Also attested as Sino-Korean phonetic representations 沙果 (“sand-fruit”) in Hunmong jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527, and 楂果 (“stump-fruit”) in Sallim Gyeongje (山林經濟 / 산림경제), 18th century.

1608, 《언해두창집요》

ᄉᆞ과ᄅᆞᆯ 겁질 ᄡᅵ 조ᄎᆞᆫ 재 검게 ᄉᆞ라 ᄀᆞᄅᆞ ᄆᆡᇰᄀᆞ라 사당믈예 플어 머기라

sokwalol kepcil psi cwochon cay kemkey sola kolo moyngkola satangmulyey phule mekila

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠ɡwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사과]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sagwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sagwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sagwa
Yale Romanization?	sakwa

South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 사과의 / 사과에 / 사과까지

Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the second syllable, except before consonant-initial multisyllabic suffixes, when it takes full low pitch.

Noun

사과 • (sagwa) (hanja 沙果, 砂果)

1. apple

Derived terms

• 사과색 (sagwasaek)
• 사과나무 (sagwanamu, “apple tree”)
• 사과 주스 (sagwa juseu, “apple juice”)
• 사과즙 (sagwajeup, “apple juice”)
• 소돔사과 (sodomsagwa, “apple of Sodom”)

Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 謝過, from 謝 (“apologize”) + 過 (“mistake”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)ɡwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)과]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sagwa
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sagwa
McCune–Reischauer?	sagwa
Yale Romanization?	sākwa

Noun

사과 • (sagwa) (hanja 謝過)

1. apology