北極

See also: 北极

Chinese

		north	utmost; pole; extreme utmost; pole; extreme; to reach the limit
trad. (北極)		北	極
simp. (北极)		北	极

Etymology

First attested in Kunyu Wanguo Quantu [1602].

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Běijí

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bak¹ gik⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Pet-khi̍t
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Pak-ke̍k / Pak-kia̍k / Pok-ke̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bag⁴ gêg⁸

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Běijí
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Běijí
    • Wade–Giles: Pei³-chi²
    • Yale: Běi-jí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Beeijyi
    • Palladius: Бэйцзи (Bɛjczi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bak¹ gik⁶
    • Yale: bāk gihk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bak⁷ gik⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: beg¹ gig⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐk̚⁵ kɪk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Pet-khi̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: bed` kid
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bed⁵ kid⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /pet̚² kʰit̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pak-ke̍k
    • Tâi-lô: Pak-ki̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pakkek
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pak̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pak-kia̍k
    • Tâi-lô: Pak-kia̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pakkiak
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiak̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: dated in Xiamen, dated in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pok-ke̍k
    • Tâi-lô: Pok-ki̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pokkek
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bag⁴ gêg⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pak ke̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pak̚²⁻⁴ kek̚⁴/

Proper noun

北極

1. the North Pole

   • 北極彼粒星指引路線，黑暗中希望的光影。 [Hokkien, trad.]
     北极彼粒星指引路线，黑暗中希望的光影。 [Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 詹雅雯, 北極星

     Pak-ke̍k hit lia̍p chhiⁿ chí-ín lō͘-sòaⁿ, o͘-àm tiong hi-bāng ê kng-iáⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     That star in the North Pole guides the road; [it is] the light of hope in the dark.

Antonyms

• 南極／南极 (Nánjí)

Derived terms

• 北極光／北极光 (běijíguāng)
• 北極圈／北极圈 (Běijíquān)
• 北極星／北极星 (Běijíxīng)
• 北極熊／北极熊 (běijíxióng)
• 北極狐／北极狐 (Běijíhú)
• 北極貝／北极贝 (běijíbèi)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (北極):

• → Japanese: 北極(ほっきょく) (Hokkyoku)
• → Korean: 북극(北極) (Bukgeuk)
• → Vietnamese: Bắc cực (北極)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
北	極
ほく > ほっ Grade: 2	きょく Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ほっきょく [hòkkyókú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ho̞k̚ʲkʲo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

北(ほっ)極(きょく) • (hokkyoku) 

1. Short for 北極圏. north polar region, north pole

Proper noun

北(ほっ)極(きょく) • (Hokkyoku) 

1. (geography) North Pole, the Arctic

Synonyms

• (northernmost point): 北(ほっ)極(きょく)点(てん) (hokkyokuten): North Pole

Antonyms

• 南(なん)極(きょく) (nankyoku): south polar region, South Pole, the Antarctic

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
北	極

Noun

北極 • (bukgeuk) (hangeul 북극)

1. Hanja form^? of 북극 (“north pole”).

Proper noun

北極 • (Bukgeuk) (hangeul 북극)

1. Hanja form^? of 북극 (“North Pole; Arctic”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
北	極

Noun

北極

1. chữ Hán form of bắc cực (“north pole”).

Proper noun

北極

1. chữ Hán form of Bắc cực (“North Pole”).