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U+5F7C, 彼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F7C

[U+5F7B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5F7D]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
(Chinese)
Stroke order
(Japan)

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 60, +5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹人木竹水 (HODHE), four-corner 24247, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 365, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10066
  • Dae Jaweon: page 685, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 817, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5F7C

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *pralʔ): semantic + phonetic (OC *bral).

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Related to (OC *pa, *ba, “that”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • 2pi - vernacular;
  • 2pe - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (1)
Final () (13)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter pjeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pˠiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun
/pᵚiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen
/piɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pjiə̆X/
Li
Rong
/pjeX/
Wang
Li
/pǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bei2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ pjeX ›
Old
Chinese
/*pajʔ/
English that

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 9690
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pralʔ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. (literary) that; those
  2. (literary) he; she; it
Synonyms[edit]
  • (that):
  • (he):
Antonyms[edit]
  • (that): ()
Descendants[edit]
Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: () (hi)
  • Korean: 피(彼) (pi)
  • Vietnamese: bỉ ()

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Related to (hí, hír, “that”); see there for more.

Pronunciation 2 is a fusion word of (hí, hír, “that”) + (it, “one”); compare Mandarin (nèi), from (, “that”) + (, “one”) (Mei and Yang, 1995).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms
Definitions[edit]

  1. (Zhangzhou, Taiwanese Hokkien) that (demonstrative pronoun)
    老母老爸 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
    老母老爸 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
    Che sī goán lāu-bó, he sī goán lāu-pē. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    This is my mother, and that is my father.
Synonyms[edit]

Pronunciation 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms


Definitions[edit]

  1. (Southern Min) that (demonstrative determiner)
    [Taiwanese Hokkien]  ―  hit pún chheh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  that book

Further reading[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

() (ka

  1. distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
かれ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
(rare)

From Old Japanese. Compound of (ka, that, yon) +‎ (-re, nominalizing suffix for demonstratives). Found in the Man'yōshū compiled around 759.

The sense development seems to have proceeded from "that thing over there" to "that person over there [of indeterminate gender]". The specifically male sense of "he" only arose later during the late Edo period and early Meiji period, influenced by translations of texts from European languages.[2][1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

(かれ) (kare

  1. distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
  2. third person pronoun: he, she
    1. particularly, male personal third person pronoun: he
      Coordinate term: 彼女 (kanojo, she)
    2. by extension from he: boyfriend
      Synonym: 彼氏 (kareshi)
      Coordinate term: 彼女 (kanojo, girlfriend)
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
か(の)
Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
かの
[adnominal] that [one] (distant from both speaker and listener)
[pronoun] (obsolete) you-know-who, you-know-what
Alternative spelling
彼の
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 4[edit]

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
H
[pronoun] distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 5[edit]

Kanji in this term
あれ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
あれ
[pronoun] distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
[pronoun] (deictically) that one over there (far from the speaker and the addressee)
[pronoun] (anaphorically) that one we both know (both the speaker and the addressee know)
[pronoun] (chiefly derogatory) third-person personal pronoun: he, she, that person
[pronoun] you-know-what; a thing whose name the speaker do not want to mention
[pronoun] sex
[pronoun] cockroach
[pronoun] (archaic) second-person pronoun: you
[interjection] huh? (expression of surprise and confusion when talking to yourself)
Alternative spelling
彼れ
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References[edit]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC pjeX). Recorded as Middle Korean 피〯 (phǐ) (Yale: phi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (jeo pi))

  1. Hanja form? of (that; those).

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: bỉ, bể, bở

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds[edit]