君

Translingual

Han character

君 (radical 30 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸大口 (SKR), four-corner 1760₇, composition ⿸尹口)

1. sovereign, monarch, ruler, chief, prince, lord
2. you (honorific form of address)

Derived characters

• 群 裙 郡 捃 珺 桾

References

• KangXi: page 177, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3323
• Dae Jaweon: page 394, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 595, character 6
• Unihan data for U+541B

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		君

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jūn (jun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwan¹
• Min Nan (POJ): kun

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: jūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣ
    • Wade-Giles: chün¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiun
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwan¹
    • Yale: gwān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwan¹
    • IPA ^(key): /kʷɐn⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun
    • Tâi-lô: kun
    • IPA (Taipei): /kun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kun³⁴/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (君, reconstructed)
Character (君), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 見 (28) Final: 文 Division: III			Openness: Closed Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 舉云切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/kɨun/	/ki̯uən/	/kiuən/	/kiun/	/kun/	/kĭuən/	/kiuən/

Old Chinese pronunciation (君, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
君								jūn								‹ kjun ›								/*C.qur/								lord; ruler
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
君					7289					君					文					2					君					/*klun/

Compounds

• 君子

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Japanese

Etymology 1

/ki₁mi₁/: *[kimi] > [kimi].

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [kimi]

Noun

君 (hiragana きみ, romaji kimi)

1. lord

Etymology 2

/ki₁mi₁/: *[kimi] > [kimi].

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• IPA^(key): [kimi]

Pronoun

君 (hiragana きみ, romaji kimi)

1. (informal) second-person personal pronoun; you
   • 905 Kokin Wakashū (poem #21)

     きみがため春の野にいでてわかなつむわが衣手に雪は降りつつ

Etymology 3

Suffix

君 (hiragana くん, romaji -kun)

1. suffix for boys' names
2. indicates respect
3. indicates familiarity

Usage notes

-kun is often used as a suffix when calling someone. The listener is lower or the same level in social position and is often, but not always, male.

Etymology 4

Voiced form of kimi due to compounding in suffixation.

Suffix

君 (hiragana ぎみ, romaji -gimi)

1. indicates respect

   父 (ちち)君 (ぎみ)

   chichi-gimi

   your father

Usage notes

There is no direct translation in English – as with other Japanese honorifics, it might roughly correspond to dear, as in “your dear father”.

Respectful suffixes also serve to indicate whose relative is in question: rather than “my father” and “your father”, one would say 父 (“father”) and 父君 (“dear father”).

Used of nobles. Attaches to close family relationship nouns such as 母 (mother), 姉 (sister), 姫 (daughter of a noble family, princess).

Etymology 5

Kanji

君

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• On: くん (kun)
• Kun: きみ (kimi)

References

• 1989 May 2 [905], Noriyuki Kojima; Arai Eizō, Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 5: Kokin Wakashū (in Japanese), Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-00-240005-0:

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Korean

Hanja

君 (gun)
Eumhun:

• Sound (hangeul): 군 (revised: gun, McCune-Reischauer: kun, Yale: kwun)

• Name (hangeul): 임금()

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

君 (quân, vua)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

References

• Nom Foundation