瑪瑙
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Chinese[edit]
trad. (瑪瑙) | 瑪 | 瑙 | |
---|---|---|---|
simp. (玛瑙) | 玛 | 瑙 | |
nonstandard simp. | 玛𰡻 | ||
alternative forms | 碼碯/码碯 碼瑙/码瑙 馬瑙/马瑙 馬腦/马脑 |
Etymology[edit]
From earlier 馬腦 (mǎnǎo, “horse's brain”), as a (probably mistranslated) calque of Sanskrit अश्मगर्भ (aśmagarbha, “gemstone”, literally “stone + [womb, fetus, or kernel]”) from translated Buddhist texts. Could be a mistranslation, since “horse” in Sanskrit is अश्व (aśva).
Compare Tibetan རྟ་ཀླད (rta klad, “agate”, literally “horse + brain”), said to be a Chinese calque, which is later semantically regularised into རྡོ་ཀླད (rdo klad, “agate”, literally “stone + brain”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
瑪瑙
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
瑪 | 瑙 |
め Hyōgaiji |
のう Hyōgaiji |
goon |
Alternative spelling |
---|
馬瑙 (rare) |
Etymology[edit]
/menau/ → /menɔː/ → /menoː/
First attested in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE).[1]
From Middle Chinese 瑪瑙 (MC maeX nawX).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Tokyo) めのー [méꜜnòò] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- (Tokyo) めのー [mènóó] (Heiban – [0])[2]
- (Tokyo) めのー [mènóꜜò] (Nakadaka – [2])[2]
- IPA(key): [me̞no̞ː]
Noun[edit]
瑪瑙 or 瑪瑙 • (menō) ←めなう (menau) or メナウ (menau)?
- (mineralogy) an agate
Derived terms[edit]
- 苔瑪瑙 (koke menō, “moss agate”)
- 縞瑪瑙 (shima-menō, “onyx, sardonyx”)
Proper noun[edit]
- a female given name
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
瑪 | 瑙 |
Noun[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
瑪 | 瑙 |
Noun[edit]
瑪瑙
Categories:
- Chinese terms calqued from Sanskrit
- Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
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- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- zh:Mineralogy
- zh:Gems
- Japanese terms spelled with 瑪
- Japanese terms spelled with 瑙
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
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- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- ja:Mineralogy
- Japanese proper nouns
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- ja:Gems
- Korean lemmas
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- Vietnamese lemmas
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- Vietnamese Chữ Hán