Leiden

See also: leiden

English

Alternative forms

• Leyden (archaic)

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch Leiden, which see. Leiden has historically been associated with the Roman outpost Lugdūnum Batāvōrum and so it was thought the name Leiden had to be derived from this Latin name. This particular castellum was however closer to the town of Katwijk, whereas the Roman settlement near modern-day Leiden was called Matilo.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈlaɪdən/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈleɪdən/
• Rhymes: -aɪdən, -eɪdən

Proper noun

Leiden

1. A city in South Holland, Netherlands, on the Old Rhine, seat of a famous Dutch university.

Derived terms

• Leyden jar

Translations

city in South Holland

• Afrikaans: Leiden
• Albanian: Leida f, Lejden m
• Amharic: ለይድን m (läydən)
• Arabic: لَايْدَن m (lāydan), لَيْدَن m (laydan)
• Armenian: Լեյդեն (hy) (Leyden)
• Azerbaijani: Leyden
• Belarusian: Ле́йдэн m (Ljéjden)
• Bengali: লাইডেন (laiḍen)
• Breton: Leiden m
• Bulgarian: Лайден m (Lajden)
• Catalan: Leiden, Leida f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 萊頓／莱顿 (zh) (Láidùn), 來登／来登 (Láidēng)

• Corsican: Leida f
• Dutch: Leiden (nl) n
• Esperanto: Lejdeno
• Finnish: Leiden
• Franco-Provençal: Lêda f
• French: Leyde (fr) f
• Georgian: ლეიდენი (leideni)
• German: Leiden (de) n
• Greek: Λέιντεν n (Léinten)
• Hebrew: לֶיּדֶן / ליידן m (Léyden)
• Hungarian: Leiden (hu)
• Italian: Leida f
• Japanese: ライデン (Raiden), レイデン (Reiden)
• Korean: 레이던 (Reideon), 라이덴 (Raiden)
• Latin: Matilo, Leida f, Lugdunum Batavorum n
• Latvian: Leidene f
• Limburgish: Leie (li) n
• Lithuanian: Leidenas m
• Low German:

  Dutch Low Saxon: Leidn n

• Macedonian: Лајден m (Lajden)
• Occitan: Lèida f
• Persian: لَیدن (laydan)
• Picard: Leyde
• Polish: Lejda (pl) f
• Portuguese: Leiden f, Leida f
• Russian: Ле́йден m (Léjden)
• Sardinian: Leida f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Лајден m

  Roman: Lajden m

• Sicilian: Leida f
• Spanish: Leiden (es) f, Leyden f
• Tamil: லைடன் (laiṭaṉ)
• Thai: ไลเดิน (lai-dəən)
• Ukrainian: Ле́йден m (Léjden)
• Urdu: لائڈن m (Lāyḍan)
• Uzbek: Leyden
• West Frisian: Leien n, Leie n
• Yiddish: ליידן n (leydn)

Anagrams

• Deline, deline, liened, neleid

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch Leiden, older Leithen, originally the name of the village now called Leiderdorp, then transferred to the younger nearby settlement. Formerly hypothesized to be from Middle Dutch lēde (“dyke, drainage channel”), but this is derived from the past stem *lid- of Proto-Germanic *līþaną (“to pass through”), thus requiring an original -d-, not -þ- (see Grammatischer Wechsel). The early ei-spelling also speaks against this derivation. Instead probably from a Frankish *Lagiþon, from Proto-Germanic *laguz (“water”) + the placename suffix *-iþi.

The usual latinisation Lugdunum was taken from the name of a defunct historical settlement north of Katwijk, which was erroneously identified with Leiden. There is in all likelihood no relation between the two names.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɛi̯.də(n)/
• IPA^(key): /ˈlɛi̯.ə/ (locally; traditional, now sometimes affected)

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Lei‧den
• Rhymes: -ɛi̯dən
• Homophones: leiden, lijden

Proper noun

Leiden n

1. Leiden (a city and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands).

   Synonym: Sleutelstad (nickname)

Derived terms

• Leidenaar
• Leids
• Leidse
• Leiderdorp
• Leidschendam
• Leidsche Rijn
• Leidsebuurt

References

van Berkel, Gerard, Samplonius, Kees (2018) “leiden”, in Nederlandse plaatsnamen verklaard‎^[2] (in Dutch), Mijnbestseller.nl, →ISBN

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlaɪ̯dən/, [ˈlaɪ̯dn̩]

• Audio (Austria)

  (file)

Etymology 1

Gerund of leiden (“to bear, to endure, to suffer”), a cognate of English lithe.

Noun

Leiden n (strong, genitive Leidens, plural Leiden)

1. suffering, pain, grief
2. disease

Declension

Declension of Leiden [neuter, strong]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	ein	das	Leiden	die	Leiden
genitive	eines	des	Leidens	der	Leiden
dative	einem	dem	Leiden	den	Leiden
accusative	ein	das	Leiden	die	Leiden

Derived terms

• Leidenschaft

See also

• Kummer m
• Kümmernis f
• Sorge f
• Trauer f
• Traurigkeit f

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Dutch Leiden.

Proper noun

Leiden n (proper noun, genitive Leidens or (optionally with an article) Leiden)

1. Leiden (a city in South Holland, Netherlands)

Derived terms

• Leidener

Further reading

• “Leiden” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• Leida

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch Leiden.

Proper noun

Leiden

1. Leiden (a city in South Holland, Netherlands)

Derived terms

• garrafa de Leyden