Alternative forms [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From poena (“punishment, penalty”).
Pronunciation [edit]
present active pūniō, present infinitive pūnīre, perfect active pūnīvī, supine pūnītum.
- I punish.
- I take vengeance, avenge.
Usage notes [edit]
The passive forms are often treated as a separate deponent verb pūnior, with an active meaning.
Inflection [edit]
| indicative |
singular |
plural |
| first |
second |
third |
first |
second |
third |
| active |
present |
pūniō |
pūnīs |
pūnit |
pūnīmus |
pūnītis |
pūniunt |
| future |
pūniam |
pūniēs |
pūniet |
pūniēmus |
pūniētis |
pūnient |
| imperfect |
pūniēbam |
pūniēbās |
pūniēbat |
pūniēbāmus |
pūniēbātis |
pūniēbant |
| perfect |
pūnīvī |
pūnīvistī |
pūnīvit |
pūnīvimus |
pūnīvistis |
pūnīvērunt |
| future perfect |
pūnīverō |
pūnīveris |
pūnīverit |
pūnīverimus |
pūnīveritis |
pūnīverint |
| pluperfect |
pūnīveram |
pūnīverās |
pūnīverat |
pūnīverāmus |
pūnīverātis |
pūnīverant |
| passive |
present |
pūnior |
pūnīris |
pūnītur |
pūnīmur |
pūnīminī |
pūniuntur |
| future |
pūniar |
pūniēris |
pūniētur |
pūniēmur |
pūniēminī |
pūnientur |
| imperfect |
pūniēbar |
pūniēbāris |
pūniēbātur |
pūniēbāmur |
pūniēbāminī |
pūniēbantur |
| perfect |
Use pūnītus m, pūnīta f, pūnītum n followed by the present indicative of sum. |
| future perfect |
Use pūnītus m, pūnīta f, pūnītum n followed by the future indicative of sum. |
| pluperfect |
Use pūnītus m, pūnīta f, pūnītum n followed by the imperfect indicative of sum. |
| subjunctive |
singular |
plural |
| first |
second |
third |
first |
second |
third |
| active |
present |
pūniam |
pūniās |
pūniat |
pūniāmus |
pūniātis |
pūniant |
| imperfect |
pūnīrem |
pūnīrēs |
pūnīret |
pūnīrēmus |
pūnīrētis |
pūnīrent |
| perfect |
pūnīverim |
pūnīverīs |
pūnīverit |
pūnīverīmus |
pūnīverītis |
pūnīverint |
| pluperfect |
pūnīvissem |
pūnīvissēs |
pūnīvisset |
pūnīvissēmus |
pūnīvissētis |
pūnīvissent |
| passive |
present |
pūniar |
pūniāris |
pūniātur |
pūniāmur |
pūniāminī |
pūniantur |
| imperfect |
pūnīrer |
pūnīrēris |
pūnīrētur |
pūnīrēmur |
pūnīrēminī |
pūnīrentur |
| perfect |
Use pūnītus m, pūnīta f, pūnītum n followed by the present subjunctive of sum. |
| pluperfect |
Use pūnītus m, pūnīta f, pūnītum n followed by the imperfect subjunctive of sum. |
| imperatives |
active |
passive |
| present (you) |
future (you) |
future (he/she) |
present (you) |
future (you) |
future (he/she) |
|
singular |
pūnī |
pūnītō |
pūnītō |
pūnīre |
pūnītor |
pūnītor |
| plural |
pūnīte |
pūnītōte |
pūniuntō |
pūnīminī |
— |
pūniuntor |
|
present |
perfect |
future |
present |
perfect |
future |
| infinitives |
pūnīre |
pūnīvisse |
pūnītūrus esse |
pūnīrī |
pūnītus esse |
pūnītum īrī |
| participles |
pūniēns (pūnientis) |
— |
pūnītūrus-ra, -rum |
— |
pūnītus-a, -um |
pūniendus-nda, -ndum |
Synonyms [edit]
Derived terms [edit]
Related terms [edit]
Descendants [edit]
Neapolitan [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From Latin pugnus.
punio m (plural ponie)
- fist
- punch