tsar

English

Wikipedia

Alternative forms

• czar, tzar, csar

Etymology

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Old Church Slavonic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ), from Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂 (kaisar, “emperor”), believed to come from Latin Caesar.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA: /tsɑː/, /sɑː/, /zɑː/; X-SAMPA: /tsA:/, /sA:/, /zA:/
• Rhymes: -ɑː
• (US) IPA: /zɑɹ/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

tsar (plural tsars)

1. (historical) An emperor of Russia (before 1917) and of some South Slavic kingdoms.
2. (figuratively) A person with great power; an autocrat.
3. (informal, politics, US) An appointed official tasked to regulate or oversee a specific area.

Usage notes

• (emperor of Russia): Officially, emperors after 1721 were styled imperator (император) rather than tsar (царь); however, the latter is commonly applied to them as well.

Derived terms

terms derived from tsar

tsardom tsarian

tsarism tsarist

Related terms

terms related to tsar

csar czar tsarina tsaritsa

tsarevna tsarevich tzar

Usage notes

• Although commonly believed to mean specifically a Russian emperor, this is not necessarily the case.
• The spelling czar is the most common one in the US, especially in the figurative and informal senses. Scholarly literature prefers tsar.

Translations

an emperor

• Arabic: تسار (ar) (tsaar) m, قيصر (ar) (qaySar) m
• Armenian: ցար (hy) (c’ar)
• Azeri: çar (az)
• Belarusian: цар (be) (car) m
• Bulgarian: цар (bg) (car) m
• Catalan: tsar (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 沙皇 (cmn) (shāhuáng)

• Czech: car (cs) m
• Danish: zar (da) c
• Dutch: tsaar (nl)
• Esperanto: caro (eo)
• Estonian: tsaar (et)
• Faroese: sarur (fo) m
• Finnish: tsaari (fi)
• French: tsar (fr) m, tzar (fr) m
• Georgian: ცარი (ka) (tsari)
• German: Zar (de)
• Greek: τσάρος (el) (tsáros) m
• Hebrew: צאר (he) (tzar) m
• Hindi: ज़ार (hi) (zār) m, त्सार (hi) (tsār) m
• Hungarian: cár (hu)
• Italian: zar (it) m
• Japanese: ツァーリ (ja) (tsāri), ツァー (ja) (tsā), ツァール (ja) (tsāru)
• Khmer: ត្សារ (km) (tsar)
• Korean: 차르 (ko) (chareu)
• Latvian: cars (lv) m

• Lithuanian: caras (lt)
• Macedonian: цар (mk) (car) m
• Malay: czar (ms)
• Marathi: त्सार (mr) (tsāra) m, जार (mr) (zāra)
• Northern Sami: cára
• Old Church Slavonic: цѣсарь (cěsarĭ) m
• Persian: تزار (fa) (tzâr), تسار (fa) (tsâr)
• Polish: car (pl) m
• Portuguese: tsar (pt)
• Romanian: țar (ro) m
• Russian: царь (ru) (carʹ) m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ца̏р (sh) m

  Roman: cȁr (sh) m

• Skolt Sami: caar
• Slovak: cár (sk) m
• Slovene: cár (sl) m
• Spanish: zar (es) m
• Swahili: czar (sw)
• Swedish: tsar (sv) c
• Thai: ซาร์ (th) (saa)
• Turkish: çar (tr)
• Ukrainian: цар (uk) (car) m
• Urdu: زار (ur) (zār) m, تسار (ur) (tsār) m
• Vietnamese: sa hoàng (vi), Nga hoàng (vi)
• Volapük: (♂♀) zar (vo), (♂) hizar (vo)
• Yiddish: צאַר (yi) (tsar) m

a person with great power; an autocrat

• Esperanto: caro (eo)

• Portuguese: tsar (pt) m

an appointed official tasked to regulate or oversee an specific area

Anagrams

• arts
• rats
• star
• tars

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French

Wikipedia ^fr

Alternative forms

• czar
• tzar

Etymology

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (tsĭsarĭ), from Old Church Slavonic цѣсарь (tsěsarĭ) believed to come from Latin Caesar.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /tsaʁ/

Noun

tsar m (plural tsars)

1. czar (Russian nobility)

Related terms

• tsariste
• tsarisme
• tsarine

Anagrams

• arts
• rats
• star

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Galician

Noun

tsar m (plural tsares)

1. tsar

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Swedish

Etymology

From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (tsĭsarĭ), from Old Church Slavonic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ), from Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂 (kaisar, “emperor”), from Latin Caesar.

Noun

tsar c

1. tsar

Declension

Declension of tsar

	singular		plural
Common	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	tsar	tsaren	tsarer	tsarerna
genitive	tsars	tsarens	tsarers	tsarernas

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Tocharian A

Etymology

From Proto-Tocharian, ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr-, from *ǵʰes-. Cognate with Albanian dorë, Ancient Greek χείρ (kheir), Old Armenian ձեռն (jeṙn), Hittite ... (kessar). Compare Tocharian B ṣar.

Noun

tsar m

1. hand