verno

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See also: верно

Italian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Latin vē̆rnus.

Adjective

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verno (feminine verna, masculine plural verni, feminine plural verne)

  1. (literary, rare, relational) spring (season); vernal, springly
    Synonym: primaverile
    • c. 1477, Lorenzo de' Medici, “Si rinnovano nel petto a quando a quando le fiamme d’amore”, in Rime, collected in Opere, published 1913:
      Come di tempo in tempo verdi piante
      pel verno sole e pel terrestre umore
      producon altre fronde e nuovo fiore,
      quando la terra prende altro sembiante
      Just like every now and then the green plants, due to the vernal sun and the earth's humidity, give birth to new fronds and new blossoms when the earth changes its appearance
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Further reading

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  • verno1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 2

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Shortened form of inverno (winter).

Noun

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verno m (plural verni) (poetic)

  1. winter
    Synonym: inverno
    • 13th c., Trattato dell'agricoltura [Treatise On Agriculture]‎[1], translation of Opus ruralium commodorum libri Ⅻ by Pietro De' Crescenzi, published 1605, page 145:
      Ed è un'altra maniera d'uva nera, ch'è detta paterniga, che grossi, e spessi grappoli fa, che molte uve produce, e vin grosso, per lo verno dilettevole
      And there is another variety of grapes, called paterniga, which makes large, thick bunches, producing many grapes, and thick wine, nice for the winter
    • 1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XXXII”, in Inferno [Hell]‎[2], lines 25–28; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[3], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
      Non fece al corso suo sì grosso velo
      di verno la Danoia in Osterlicchi,
      né Tanaï là sotto 'l freddo cielo,
      com'era quivi []
      Along its course, the Danube in Austria during the winter never made such a thick crust as there was here, nor did the Don there, under the cold sky
    • 1374, Francesco Petrarca, “Passa la nave mia colma d'obblio”, in Il Canzoniere[4], Florence: Andrea Bettini, published 1858, page 191, lines 1–3:
      Passa la nave mia colma d'obblio
      Per aspro mare a mezza notte il verno
      infra Scilla e Cariddi []
      My ship, full of oblivion, sails through the rough sea at midnight in winter, under Scylla and Charybdis
    • 16th c., Luigi Alamanni, “Libro Ⅰ. Esordio e dedicazione del poema. Lavori di primavera”, in Della coltivazione[5], collected in La coltivazione di Luigi Alamanni ed altre opere, Venice: Vitarelli, published 1812, page 13, lines 1–4:
      Che deggia, quando il sol rallunga il giorno,
      Oprar il buon cultor nei campi suoi;
      Quel che deggia l’estate, e quel che poscia
      Al pomifero autunno, al freddo verno
      What the good farmer is to do in his fields, when the Sun prolongs the day; what he is [to do] in Summer, and what [he is to do] afterwards in the fruit-bearing Autumn, in the cold Winter
  2. cold, frost
    Synonyms: (literary) algore, freddo, gelo
    • 1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto IV”, in Purgatorio [Purgatory]‎[6], lines 79–81; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[7], 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
      'l mezzo cerchio del moto superno,
      che si chiama Equatore in alcun' arte,
      e che sempre riman tra 'l sole e 'l verno
      The median circle of the celestial movement, which is called equator in an art [astronomy], and which always stays between the Sun and the cold
    • 16th c., Giovanni Della Casa, “Son. ⅩⅩⅩⅦ [Sonnet 37]”, in Rime di M. Giovanni della Casa[8], collected in Opere di Monsig. Giovanni della Casa con una copiosa giunta di scritture non più stampate, Florence: Giuseppe Manni, published 1707, page 22:
      Che 'l foco lor []
      Non ombra, o pioggia, e non fontana, o fiume
      Ne verno allentar pò d' alpestri monti
      Because no shade, or rain, nor spring, or river, nor frost from harsh mountains can weaken their fire
    • 1827, Ugo Foscolo, Le grazie[9], Felice Le Monnier, published 1848, page 26, lines 300–304:
      [] come quando esce un'Erinni
      A gioir delle terre arse dal verno,
      Maligna, e lava le sue membra a' fonti
      Dell'Islanda esecrati, ove più occulte
      Fuman sulfuree l'acque []
      As when a Fury comes out, rejoicing for the lands desiccated by the frost, malignant, and washes its limbs in the loathed springs of Iceland, where more secretly the waters smoke sulfurous
  3. storm
    Synonyms: burrasca, (literary) procella, tempesta
    • 1516, Ludovico Ariosto, “Canto decimonono [Nineteenth canto]”, in Orlando Furioso [Raging Roland]‎[10], Venice: Gabriel Giolito, published 1551, page 85:
      [] spezza e fracassa
      L'onda nimica,e'l vento ogn'hor piu fiero;
      Se parte ritta il verno pur ne lassa
      The hostile wave breaks and tears, and the ever-stronger wind, if the storm leaves any part of it standing
    • 1581, Torquato Tasso, Gerusalemme liberata [Jerusalem Delivered]‎[11], Erasmo Viotti, Canto 13, page 307:
      Perche repente, à pena tocco, sparve
      Quel simulacro: e giunse un nuvol denso:
      Che portò notte, e verno []
      Because immediately, as soon as it was touched, that image disappeared, and a thick cloud came, bringing darkness and storm
Derived terms
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Further reading

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  • verno2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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verno

  1. first-person singular present indicative of vernare

Anagrams

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Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From vernus (springlike) +‎ -āre (verb-forming suffix), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥.

Verb

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vē̆rnō (present infinitive vē̆rnāre, perfect active vē̆rnāvī, supine vē̆rnātum); first conjugation

  1. to be verdant; to spring, bloom
    Synonym: vireō
  2. to flourish; to be lively, vigorous
    Synonym: vireō
Conjugation
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   Conjugation of vē̆rnō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present vē̆rnō vē̆rnās vē̆rnat vē̆rnāmus vē̆rnātis vē̆rnant
imperfect vē̆rnābam vē̆rnābās vē̆rnābat vē̆rnābāmus vē̆rnābātis vē̆rnābant
future vē̆rnābō vē̆rnābis vē̆rnābit vē̆rnābimus vē̆rnābitis vē̆rnābunt
perfect vē̆rnāvī vē̆rnāvistī vē̆rnāvit vē̆rnāvimus vē̆rnāvistis vē̆rnāvērunt,
vē̆rnāvēre
pluperfect vē̆rnāveram vē̆rnāverās vē̆rnāverat vē̆rnāverāmus vē̆rnāverātis vē̆rnāverant
future perfect vē̆rnāverō vē̆rnāveris vē̆rnāverit vē̆rnāverimus vē̆rnāveritis vē̆rnāverint
passive present vē̆rnor vē̆rnāris,
vē̆rnāre
vē̆rnātur vē̆rnāmur vē̆rnāminī vē̆rnantur
imperfect vē̆rnābar vē̆rnābāris,
vē̆rnābāre
vē̆rnābātur vē̆rnābāmur vē̆rnābāminī vē̆rnābantur
future vē̆rnābor vē̆rnāberis,
vē̆rnābere
vē̆rnābitur vē̆rnābimur vē̆rnābiminī vē̆rnābuntur
perfect vē̆rnātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect vē̆rnātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect vē̆rnātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present vē̆rnem vē̆rnēs vē̆rnet vē̆rnēmus vē̆rnētis vē̆rnent
imperfect vē̆rnārem vē̆rnārēs vē̆rnāret vē̆rnārēmus vē̆rnārētis vē̆rnārent
perfect vē̆rnāverim vē̆rnāverīs vē̆rnāverit vē̆rnāverīmus vē̆rnāverītis vē̆rnāverint
pluperfect vē̆rnāvissem vē̆rnāvissēs vē̆rnāvisset vē̆rnāvissēmus vē̆rnāvissētis vē̆rnāvissent
passive present vē̆rner vē̆rnēris,
vē̆rnēre
vē̆rnētur vē̆rnēmur vē̆rnēminī vē̆rnentur
imperfect vē̆rnārer vē̆rnārēris,
vē̆rnārēre
vē̆rnārētur vē̆rnārēmur vē̆rnārēminī vē̆rnārentur
perfect vē̆rnātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect vē̆rnātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present vē̆rnā vē̆rnāte
future vē̆rnātō vē̆rnātō vē̆rnātōte vē̆rnantō
passive present vē̆rnāre vē̆rnāminī
future vē̆rnātor vē̆rnātor vē̆rnantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives vē̆rnāre vē̆rnāvisse vē̆rnātūrum esse vē̆rnārī vē̆rnātum esse vē̆rnātum īrī
participles vē̆rnāns vē̆rnātūrus vē̆rnātus vē̆rnandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
vē̆rnandī vē̆rnandō vē̆rnandum vē̆rnandō vē̆rnātum vē̆rnātū
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Italian: vernare

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

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vē̆rnō

  1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of vē̆rnus

References

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  • verno”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • verno”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • verno in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[12], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) in spring, summer, autumn, winter time: verno, aestivo, auctumnali, hiberno tempore

Serbo-Croatian

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʋêːrno/
  • Hyphenation: ve‧rno

Adverb

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vȇrno (Cyrillic spelling ве̑рно)

  1. faithfully