夥

See also: 伙

夥 U+5925, 夥 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5925 ← 夤 [U+5924] CJK Unified Ideographs 夦 → [U+5926]

Translingual

Han character

夥 (Kangxi radical 36, 夕+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 田木弓戈弓 (WDNIN), four-corner 6792₇, composition ⿰果多)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 247, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5808
• Dae Jaweon: page 492, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 865, character 8
• Unihan data for U+5925

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (果) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
裸	*ɡ·roːlʔ
躶	*ɡ·roːlʔ
果	*kloːlʔ
菓	*kloːlʔ
猓	*kloːlʔ
輠	*kloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ, *kʰluːls
裹	*kloːlʔ, *kloːls
蜾	*kloːlʔ
惈	*kloːlʔ
粿	*kloːlʔ
窠	*kʰloːl
稞	*kʰloːl, *ɡroːlʔ
課	*kʰloːl, *kʰloːls
髁	*kʰloːl, *kʰloːls, *kʰroːlʔ
棵	*kʰloːl, *kʰloːnʔ, *ɡloːnʔ
顆	*kʰloːlʔ
堁	*kʰloːlʔ, *kʰloːls, *kloːns
敤	*kʰloːlʔ, *kʰloːls
夥	*qʰloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ
婐	*qloːlʔ, *kroːl
踝	*ɡroːlʔ
祼	*ɡluːlʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ) : phonetic 果 (OC *kloːlʔ) + semantic 多.

Etymology 1

trad.		夥
simp.		伙*/夥

According to Fangyan, 夥, which means "many" or "much", was a dialectal expression found in rural Qi and Song and around the border between Chu and Wei (齊宋之郊、楚魏之際曰夥).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): huǒ (huo³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fo²

• Jin (Wiktionary): hue²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hóⁿ / hér / hé / hóe

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huê²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huǒ
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huǒ
    • Wade–Giles: huo³
    • Yale: hwǒ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huoo
    • Palladius: хо (xo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɔ²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huǒr
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huǒr
    • Wade–Giles: huo³-ʼrh
    • Yale: hwǒr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huool
    • Palladius: хор (xor)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɔɻ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fo²
    • Yale: fó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fo²
    • Guangdong Romanization: fo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔː³⁵/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: hue²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuɤ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: hónn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hvor
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔ̃⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hér
    • Tâi-lô: hér
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hə⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hé
    • Tâi-lô: hé
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hea
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /he⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóe
    • Tâi-lô: hué
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoea
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue⁵³/

Note:

• hóⁿ - literary;
• hér/hé/hóe - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: huê²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hué
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hue⁵²/

---

• Middle Chinese: hwaX

Rime
Character	夥
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡果切
Baxter	hwaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuɑX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwaX/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑX/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuɑX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wo6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡʷˤ]ajʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰloːlʔ/, /*ɡloːlʔ/, /*ɡroːlʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	夥
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huǒ
Middle Chinese	‹ hwaX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡʷˁ]ajʔ/
English	many, much [not pre-Qin]
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	夥	夥	夥
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	4788	4789	4797
Phonetic component	果	果	果
Rime group	歌	歌	歌
Rime subdivision	3	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	火	禍	夥
Old Chinese	/*qʰloːlʔ/	/*ɡloːlʔ/	/*ɡroːlʔ/
Notes	火（夥）別體	說文果在右

Definitions

夥

1. many; much; a lot of; numerous
2. (alt. form 伙) companion; partner; assistant

Compounds

• 一夥／一伙 (yīhuǒ)
• 入夥／入伙 (rùhuǒ)
• 出水夥計／出水伙计
• 分夥／分伙
• 合夥／合伙 (héhuǒ)
• 同夥／同伙 (tónghuǒ)
• 合夥人／合伙人 (héhuǒrén)
• 夥夠／伙够
• 夥計／伙计 (huǒjì)
• 夥辦／伙办
• 大夥大家夥兒／大伙大家伙儿
• 小夥計／小伙计
• 幫夥／帮伙
• 店夥／店伙
• 成群打夥／成群打伙
• 成群結夥／成群结伙
• 打夥／打伙 (dǎhuǒ)
• 拆夥／拆伙 (chāihuǒ)
• 搭夥／搭伙 (dāhuǒ)
• 攙夥／搀伙
• 散夥／散伙 (sànhuǒ)
• 東夥／东伙
• 油夥兒／油伙儿
• 結夥／结伙 (jiéhuǒ)
• 鋪夥／铺伙
• 隱名合夥／隐名合伙
• 鬨夥／哄伙
• 齊打夥兒／齐打伙儿

 

Usage notes

In Simplified Chinese, this character should be written as 夥 rather than simplified as 伙 when used to express "many" or "much".

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		夥

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiè (xie⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): haai⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiè
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siè
    • Wade–Giles: hsieh⁴
    • Yale: syè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shieh
    • Palladius: се (se)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: haai⁵
    • Yale: háaih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: haai⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: hai⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haːi̯¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: hweaX

Rime
Character	夥
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	佳 (32)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	懷𠁥切
Baxter	hweaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠuɛX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚæX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuæiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwaɨjX/
Li Rong	/ɣuɛX/
Wang Li	/ɣwaiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣwaiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huà
Expected Cantonese Reflex	waai6

Definitions

夥

1. Only used in 夥頤／伙颐.

Japanese

Kanji

夥

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. immense
2. tremendous

Readings

• Go-on: わ (wa)
• Kan-on: か (ka)
• Kun: おびただしい (obitadashii, 夥しい)

Korean

Hanja

夥 (eumhun 많을 과 (maneul gwa))
夥 (eumhun 많을 화 (maneul hwa))

1. hanja form^? of 과
2. hanja form^? of 화

Vietnamese

Han character

夥: Hán Nôm readings: lõa/loã, hỏa/hoả, khỏa/khoả

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.