šaṭārum

Akkadian

Root
š-ṭ-r
2 terms

Etymology

Unknown. The noun is derived from the infinitive of the verb.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃaˈtˤaː.rum/

Noun

šaṭārum m (Standard Babylonian, Neo-Assyrian, Neo-Babylonian, Late Babylonian)

1. copy, exemplar, text, inscription, writing, written document

Alternative forms

• šaṭṭāru (Neo-Assyrian)
• (plural) šaṭārānu (Neo-Babylonian)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒊬 (SAR)	𒃻𒁕𒀸 (ša₂-ṭa-rum) 𒃻𒁕𒊒 (ša₂-ṭa-ru) 𒆳𒁕𒊒 (šaṭ-ṭa-ru) 𒃻𒁕𒊑 (ša₂-ṭa-ri) (plural) 𒃻𒁕𒊑𒎌 (ša₂-ṭa-ri.MEŠ) (Neo-Babylonian, plural) 𒃻𒁕𒊏𒉡 (ša₂-ṭa-ra-nu) (construct state) 𒃻𒋻 (ša₂-ṭar) (construct state) 𒃻𒁯 (ša₂-ṭar₂)

Descendants

• → Aramaic: שְׁטָרָא (šṭārā), ܫܛܪܐ (šṭārā)
  • → Arabic: سَطْر (saṭr)
  • → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܸܫܛܵܪܵܐ (išṭārā)
• Mishnaic Hebrew: שְׁטָר (šəṭɔ́r)

Verb

šaṭārum (G, a-u, durative išaṭṭar, perfect ištaṭar, preterite išṭur, imperative šuṭur) (from Old Akkadian on)

1. to write down, inscribe, copy
2. to issue a legal document
3. to list, register, record
4. to assign

Conjugation

Conjugation

Infinitive		šaṭārum
Participle		šāṭirum
Adjective		šaṭrum
Active		Durative	Perfect	Preterite	Imperative
1.sg		ašaṭṭar	aštaṭar	ašṭur	lušṭur
2.sg	m	tašaṭṭar	taštaṭar	tašṭur	šuṭur
	f	tašaṭṭarī	taštaṭrī	tašṭurī	šuṭrī
3.sg		išaṭṭar	ištaṭar	išṭur	lišṭur
1.pl		nišaṭṭar	ništaṭar	nišṭur	i nišṭur
2.pl		tašaṭṭarā	taštaṭrā	tašṭurā	šuṭrā
3.pl	m	išaṭṭarū	ištaṭrū	išṭurū	lišṭurū
	f	išaṭṭarā	ištaṭrā	išṭurā	lišṭurā

This table gives Old Babylonian inflection. For conjugation in other dialects, see Appendix:Akkadian dialectal conjugation.

Alternative forms

• šaṭāru (non-mimated)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒊬 (SAR) 𒅔𒊬 (IN.SAR) 𒀊𒊬 (AB.SAR) 𒀊𒊬𒀀𒀭 (AB.SAR.AM₃) 𒄑 (GIŠ) 𒁺 (GUB, DU)	𒃻𒁕𒊒 (ša₂-ṭa-ru) 𒃻𒁕𒀀𒊒 (ša₂-ṭa-a-ru)

Descendants

• → Classical Syriac: ܣܛܰܪ (sṭar, “to carve, write down”)
  • → Old South Arabian: 𐩪𐩷𐩧 (s¹ṭr, “to write”)
    • → Arabic: سَطَرَ (saṭara)

References

• “šaṭāru”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[1], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy; George, Andrew; Postgate, Nicholas (2000), “šaṭāru(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, via the electronic Babylonian Library