κῆπος

See also: κήπος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κᾶπος (kâpos) — Doric

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂po-s (“land, garden”), which seems to be from *kap- (“to seize”) (though Beekes is skeptical of this relation and tentatively separates the two). Almost identical in formation (except for the ending) to Proto-Germanic *hōbō (“piece of land”) (< *keh₂p-h₂); Albanian kopsht (“garden”) is another cognate. More distant connections include Latin capiō (“to seize, capture”), while κάπετος (kápetos, “ditch, trench”) and Old High German habaro (“oats”) are probably not related.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kɛ̂ː.pos/ → /ˈci.pos/ → /ˈci.pos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kɛ̂ː.pos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈke̝.pos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.pos/

Noun

κῆπος • (kêpos) m (genitive κήπου); second declension

1. garden, orchard or plantation
2. enclosure for the Olympic games
3. sort of fashion of cropping the hair
4. female genitals

   Synonyms: δορίαλλος (doríallos), σᾰ́ρᾰβος (sắrăbos)

   • 3rd century AD, Diogenes Laertius, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers 2.116:

     καὶ μέντοι τοὺς Ἀρεοπαγίτας εὐθέως αὐτὸν κελεῦσαι τῆς πόλεως ἐξελθεῖν. ὅτε καὶ Θεόδωρον τὸν ἐπίκλην θεὸν ἐπισκώπτοντα εἰπεῖν, “πόθεν δὲ τοῦτ’ ᾔδει Στίλπων; ἢ ἀνασύρας αὐτῆς τὸν κῆπον ἐθεάσατο;”

     kaì méntoi toùs Areopagítas euthéōs autòn keleûsai tês póleōs exeltheîn. hóte kaì Theódōron tòn epíklēn theòn episkṓptonta eipeîn, “póthen dè toût’ ēídei Stílpōn? ḕ anasúras autês tòn kêpon etheásato?”

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Second declension of ὁ κῆπος; τοῦ κήπου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κῆπος ho kêpos	τὼ κήπω tṑ kḗpō	οἱ κῆποι hoi kêpoi
Genitive	τοῦ κήπου toû kḗpou	τοῖν κήποιν toîn kḗpoin	τῶν κήπων tôn kḗpōn
Dative	τῷ κήπῳ tōî kḗpōi	τοῖν κήποιν toîn kḗpoin	τοῖς κήποις toîs kḗpois
Accusative	τὸν κῆπον tòn kêpon	τὼ κήπω tṑ kḗpō	τοὺς κήπους toùs kḗpous
Vocative	κῆπε kêpe	κήπω kḗpō	κῆποι kêpoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀγρόκηπος (agrókēpos)
• κηπάδιον (kēpádion)
• κηπαῖος (kēpaîos)
• κηπεία (kēpeía)
• κήπειος (kḗpeios)
• κήπευμα (kḗpeuma)
• κηπεύς (kēpeús)
• κηπεύσιμος (kēpeúsimos)
• κηπευτής (kēpeutḗs)
• κηπευτός (kēpeutós)
• κηπεύω (kēpeúō)
• κηπίδες (kēpídes)
• κηπίδιον (kēpídion)
• κηπίον (kēpíon)
• κηποκόμας (kēpokómas)
• κηποκόμος (kēpokómos)
• κηπολάχανον (kēpolákhanon)
• κηπολόγος (kēpológos)
• κηποπαράδεισος (kēpoparádeisos)
• κηποποιΐα (kēpopoiḯa)
• κηποτάφιον (kēpotáphion)
• κηποτύραννος (kēpotúrannos)
• κηπουργός (kēpourgós)
• περίκηπος (períkēpos)

Descendants

• Greek: κήπος (kípos)

Further reading

• “κῆπος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κῆπος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• κῆπος in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • garden idem, page 354.
  • orchard idem, page 578.
  • park idem, page 593.
  • pleasure ground idem, page 620.