πούς

See also: πους

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• πός (pós), πώς (pṓs) — Doric
• πόρ (pór) — Laconian
• πῶς (pôs)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀡 (po) (dat. 𐀡𐀆 (po-de /⁠podei⁠/)), Latin pēs, Sanskrit पद् (pad), Old Armenian ոտն (otn) and հետ (het), Gothic 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐍃 (fōtus) and Old English fōt (English foot).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pǔːs/ → /ˈpus/ → /ˈpus/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pǔːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpus/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpus/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpus/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpus/

Noun

πούς • (poús) m (genitive ποδός); third declension

1. foot
2. leg
3. (unit of measure) Greek foot or pous, the ancient Greek and Byzantine unit of length originally based upon the length of a shod foot

Declension

Third declension of ὁ πούς; τοῦ ποδός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πούς ho poús	τὼ πόδε tṑ póde	οἱ πόδες hoi pódes
Genitive	τοῦ ποδός toû podós	τοῖν ποδοῖν toîn podoîn	τῶν ποδῶν tôn podôn
Dative	τῷ ποδῐ́ tōî podĭ́	τοῖν ποδοῖν toîn podoîn	τοῖς ποσῐ́ / ποσῐ́ν toîs posĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν πόδᾰ tòn pódă	τὼ πόδε tṑ póde	τοὺς πόδᾰς toùs pódăs
Vocative	πούς poús	πόδε póde	πόδες pódes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Third declension of πούς; ποδός (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	πούς poús	πόδε póde	πόδες pódes
Genitive	ποδός podós	ποδοῖῐ̈ν podoîĭ̈n	ποδῶν podôn
Dative	ποδῐ́ podĭ́	ποδοῖῐ̈ν podoîĭ̈n	ποσῐ́ / ποσῐ́ν / ποσσῐ́ / ποσσῐ́ν / πόδεσῐ / πόδεσῐν / πόδεσσῐ / πόδεσσῐν posĭ́(n) / possĭ́(n) / pódesĭ(n) / pódessĭ(n)
Accusative	πόδᾰ pódă	πόδε póde	πόδᾰς pódăs
Vocative	πούς poús	πόδε póde	πόδες pódes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Third declension of ὁ πούς; τοῦ ποδός (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πούς ho poús	τὼ πόδε tṑ póde	οἱ πόδες hoi pódes
Genitive	τοῦ ποδός toû podós	τοῖν ποδοῖν toîn podoîn	τῶν ποδῶν tôn podôn
Dative	τῷ ποδῐ́ tōî podĭ́	τοῖν ποδοῖν toîn podoîn	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν ποσῐ́ / ποσῐ́ν toîsĭ(n) posĭ́(n)
Accusative	τὸν πόδᾰ tòn pódă	τὼ πόδε tṑ póde	τοὺς πόδᾰς toùs pódăs
Vocative	πούς poús	πόδε póde	πόδες pódes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-δς (*-ds).

Derived terms

• ἀελλόπος (aellópos)
• ᾰ̓́πους (ắpous)
• δᾰσῠ́πους (dăsŭ́pous)
• εἰλῐ́πους (eilĭ́pous)
• Ἑκᾰτόμπεδον (Hekătómpedon)
• ἐκποδών (ekpodṓn)
• ἐμποδών (empodṓn)
• ἐρῠθρόπους (erŭthrópous)
• ῐ̔στόποδες (hĭstópodes)
• κᾱλάπους (kālápous), κᾱλόπους (kālópous, “shoemaker's last”)
• κᾰλόπους (kălópous, “having beautiful feet”)
• κορωνόπους (korōnópous)
• μῡρῐόπους (mūrĭópous)
• ὀκτώπους (oktṓpous)
• ποδᾰνῐπτήρ (podănĭptḗr)
• ποδήνεμος (podḗnemos)
• πόδῐον (pódĭon)
• ποδοστρᾰ́βη (podostrắbē)
• ποδόω (podóō)
• ποδώκης (podṓkēs)

Descendants

• ⇒ Ancient Greek: πόδῐον (pódĭon)
  • Byzantine Greek: πόδιν (pódin)
    • Greek: πόδι (pódi)
    • >? Mariupol Greek: пудъа́р (puðár)
• → English: -pod, pous

Further reading

• “πούς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πούς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πούς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πούς in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• πούς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “πούς”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G4228 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• πούς in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007), Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • foot idem, page 333.
  • leg idem, page 484.
  • rope idem, page 721.
  • sheet idem, page 764.
  • step idem, page 815.