вꙑ

See also: вы, Вы, and вы-

Old Church Slavonic

Alternative forms

• въи (vŷi)
• Glagolitic: ⰲⱏⰺ (vy)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *vy.

Pronoun

вꙑ • (vy)

1. you (plural)

Declension

Old Church Slavonic personal pronouns

		nominative	accusative	genitive	locative	dative	instrumental		possessive
singular	1st person	азъ (azŭ)	мѧ (mę)	мене (mene)	мьнѣ (mĭně)	мьнѣ, ми (mĭně, mi)	мъноѭ (mŭnojǫ)		мои (moi)
	2nd person	тꙑ (ty)	тѧ (tę)	тебе (tebe)	тебѣ (tebě)	тебѣ, ти (tebě, ti)	тобоѭ (tobojǫ)		твои (tvoi)
dual	1st person	вѣ (vě)	на (na)	наю (naju)	наю (naju)	нама, на (nama, na)	нама (nama)		нашь (našĭ)
	2nd person	ва (va)	ва (va)	ваю (vaju)	ваю (vaju)	вама, ва (vama, va)	вама (vama)		вашь (vašĭ)
plural	1st person	мꙑ (my)	нꙑ (ny)	насъ (nasŭ)	насъ (nasŭ)	намъ, нꙑ (namŭ, ny)	нами (nami)		нашь (našĭ)
	2nd person	вꙑ (vy)	вꙑ (vy)	васъ (vasŭ)	васъ (vasŭ)	вамъ, вꙑ (vamŭ, vy)	вами (vami)		вашь (vašĭ)
reflexive		—	сѧ (sę)	себе (sebe)	себѣ (sebě)	себѣ, си (sebě, si)	собоѭ (sobojǫ)		свои (svoi)

Old East Slavic

Alternative forms

• васъ (vasŭ) — plural accusative
• вамъ (vamŭ) — plural dative

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *vy, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wōns (from earlier *wōs), the accusative case of the personal pronoun *jūˀs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋɯ/→/ʋɯ/→/ʋɯ/

• (ca. 9^th CE) IPA^(key): /ʋɯ/
• (ca. 11^th CE) IPA^(key): /ʋɯ/
• (ca. 13^th CE) IPA^(key): /ʋɯ/

Pronoun

вꙑ (vy)

1. you; second person dual and plural pronoun

Declension

Declension of Old East Slavic personal pronouns

Singular	1st person	2nd person	Reflexive
Nominative	ꙗзъ (jazŭ), ꙗ (ja), азъ (azŭ)	тꙑ (ty)	—
Accusative	мене (mene), мѧ (mę)	тебе (tebe), тѧ (tę)	себе (sebe), сѧ (sę)
Genitive	мене (mene)	тебе (tebe)	себе (sebe)
Locative	мънѣ (mŭně)	тобѣ (tobě)	собѣ (sobě)
Dative	мънѣ (mŭně), ми (mi)	тобѣ (tobě), ти (ti)	собѣ (sobě), си (si)
Instrumental	мъноѭ (mŭnojǫ)	тобоѭ (tobojǫ)	собоѭ (sobojǫ)
Possessive	мои (moi)	твои (tvoi)	свои (svoi)
Dual	1st person	2nd person	Reflexive
Nominative	вѣ (vě)	вꙑ (vy)	—
Accusative	на (na)	ва (va)	себе (sebe), сѧ (sę)
Genitive	наю (naju)	ваю (vaju)	себе (sebe)
Locative	наю (naju)	ваю (vaju)	собѣ (sobě)
Dative	нама (nama)	вама (vama)	собѣ (sobě), си (si)
Instrumental	нама (nama)	вама (vama)	собоѭ (sobojǫ)
Possessive	нашь (našĭ)	вашь (vašĭ)	свои (svoi)
Plural	1st person	2nd person	Reflexive
Nominative	мꙑ (my)	вꙑ (vy)	—
Accusative	насъ (nasŭ), нꙑ (ny)	васъ (vasŭ), вꙑ (vy)	себе (sebe), сѧ (sę)
Genitive	насъ (nasŭ)	васъ (vasŭ)	себе (sebe)
Locative	насъ (nasŭ)	васъ (vasŭ)	собѣ (sobě)
Dative	намъ (namŭ), нꙑ (ny)	вамъ (vamŭ), вꙑ (vy)	собѣ (sobě), си (si)
Instrumental	нами (nami)	вами (vami)	собоѭ (sobojǫ)
Possessive	нашь (našĭ)	вашь (vašĭ)	свои (svoi)

Descendants

• Old Ruthenian: вы (vy)
  • Belarusian: вы (vy)
  • Carpathian Rusyn: вы (vŷ)
  • Ukrainian: ви (vy)
• Russian: вы (vy)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “вы”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Old Novgorodian

Alternative forms

• васъ (vasŭ) — plural accusative
• вамъ (vamŭ) — plural dative

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *vy, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wōns, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: вꙑ

Pronoun

вꙑ • (vy)

1. you; second person dual and plural pronoun
   • c. 1160‒1180, Schaeken, Jos (2019), Voices on Birchbark (SSGL; 43)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, transl., Берестяная грамота № 603 [Birchbark letter no. 603]‎^[2], Novgorod:

     [ѿ] смолигꙋ къ грецинови и [к] мирославоу вꙑ ведаета оже ѧ тѧже не добꙑле…

     [otŭ] smoligu kŭ grecʹinovi i [k] miroslavu vy vedajeta ože ję tęže ne dobyle…

     [From] Smolig to Grechin and to Miroslav. You (two) know that I did not win my lawsuit.

Declension

Declension of Old Novgorodian personal pronouns

	singular		dual		plural		reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	1st person	2nd person	1st person	2nd person
nominative	ꙗзъ, ꙗ jazŭ, ja	тꙑ ty	вѣ vě	вꙑ vy	мꙑ my	вꙑ vy
genitive	мене mene	тебе tebe	наю naju	ваю vaju	насъ nasŭ	васъ vasŭ	себе sebe
dative	мънѣ, ми mŭně, mi	тобѣ, ти tobě, ti	нама, на nama, na	вама, ва vama, va	намъ, нꙑ namŭ, ny	вамъ, вꙑ vamŭ, vy	собѣ sobě
accusative	мене, мѧ mene, mę	тебе, тѧ tebe, tę	на na	ва va	насъ, нꙑ nasŭ, ny	васъ, вꙑ vasŭ, vy	себе, сѧ sebe, sę
instrumental	мъноѭ mŭnojǫ	тобоѭ tobojǫ	нама nama	вама vama	нами nami	вами vami	собоѭ sobojǫ
locative	мънѣ mŭně	тобѣ tobě	наю naju	ваю vaju	насъ nasŭ	васъ vasŭ	собѣ sobě
ㅤ
possessive	мои moi	твои tvoi	нашь našĭ	вашь vašĭ	нашь našĭ	вашь vašĭ	свои svoi

Further reading

• “вы”, in “Birchbark Letters Corpus”, in Russian National Corpus, https://ruscorpora.ru, 2003–2025