крем

See also: Appendix:Variations of "krem"

Bulgarian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)krama-der.

Proto-Celtic *krammender.

Gaulish *cramabor.?

Late Latin crāmum

Proto-Indo-European *gʰer-

Proto-Indo-European *gʰrey-der.

Ancient Greek χρίω (khríō)

Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥

Ancient Greek -μᾰ (-mă)

Ancient Greek χρῖσμᾰ (khrîsmă)bor.

Ecclesiastical Latin chrisma

blend

Old French cresme

Middle French chresme

French crèmebor.

Bulgarian крем

Borrowed from French crème.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [krɛm]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛm

Noun

крем • (krem) m

1. cream (culinary) (a thick boiled dessert usually made from beaten eggs, milk, sugar, chocolate, fruit etc.)

   Крем кака́о ― Krem kakáo ― Cocoa cream

   Крем ванилия ― Krem vanilija ― Vanilla cream

2. cream (culinary) (uncountable) (Filling or addition to cakes, pastries and other desserts, which is usually prepared by beating butter, cream, egg whites with sugar, etc.)
3. cream, lotion, ointment (cosmetic, medical)

   Хидрата́нтен крем ― Hidratánten krem ― Moisturizing cream

   Крем за ръце ― Krem za rǎce ― Hand cream

4. crème (culinary)
5. lily (botanical) (Lilium candidum)
6. iris (botanical) (Iris pseudacorus)

Declension

Declension of крем

	singular	plural
indefinite	крем krem	кре́мове krémove
definite (subject form)	кре́мът krémǎt	кре́мовете krémovete
definite (object form)	кре́ма kréma
count form	—	кре́ма kréma

References

• “крем”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “крем”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [krɛm]

Adjective

крем • (krem) (indeclinable, not comparable)

1. cream-coloured, beige

Noun

крем • (krem) m

1. cream (culinary)
2. cream, lotion, ointment

Declension

Declension of крем

	singular	plural
indefinite	крем (krem)	кремови (kremovi)
definite unspecified	кремот (kremot)	кремовите (kremovite)
definite proximal	кремов (kremov)	кремовиве (kremovive)
definite distal	кремон (kremon)	кремовине (kremovine)
vocative	крему (kremu)	кремови (kremovi)
count form	—	крема (krema)

Russian

Etymology

Borrowed from French crème.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [krʲem]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Saint Petersburg):

  (file)

Noun

крем • (krem) m inan (genitive кре́ма, nominative plural кре́мы or крема́^*, genitive plural кре́мов or кремо́в^*, relational adjective кре́мовый) (* professional usage)

1. cream, creme

Declension

Declension of крем (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a/c irreg) 

	singular	plural
nominative	кре́м krém	кре́мы, крема́△* krémy, kremá△*
genitive	кре́ма kréma	кре́мов, кремо́в* krémov, kremóv*
dative	кре́му krému	кре́мам, крема́м* krémam, kremám*
accusative	кре́м krém	кре́мы, крема́△* krémy, kremá△*
instrumental	кре́мом krémom	кре́мами, крема́ми* krémami, kremámi*
prepositional	кре́ме kréme	кре́мах, крема́х* krémax, kremáx*
partitive	кре́му krému

^△ Irregular.
^* Professional usage.

Derived terms

• заварной крем (zavarnoj krem)
• защи́тный кре́м (zaščítnyj krém)
• кре́м для бритья́ (krém dlja britʹjá)
• кре́м для лица́ (krém dlja licá)
• кре́м для о́буви (krém dlja óbuvi)
• кре́м для ру́к (krém dlja rúk)
• кре́м от весну́шек (krém ot vesnúšek)
• кре́м от зага́ра (krém ot zagára)
• кре́м под пу́дру (krém pod púdru)
• крем-брюле́ (krem-brjulé)
• кре́мовый (krémovyj)
• ма́сляный крем (másljanyj krem)

Descendants

• → Armenian: կրեմ (krem)
• → Azerbaijani: krem
• → Georgian: კრემი (ḳremi)
• → Yakut: крем (krem)

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

крем m animacy unspecified (Latin spelling krem)

1. cream, creme

See also

• крема

Ukrainian

Etymology

Borrowed from French crème.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [krɛm]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

крем • (krem) m inan (genitive кре́му, nominative plural кре́ми, genitive plural кре́мів)

1. (cooking) crème (a very sugary, fluffy white cream derivative)
2. (alcoholic beverages) cream liqueur
3. (cosmetics) cream, crème
4. (medicine) cream (viscous aqueous oil/fat emulsion with a medicament added)
5. shoe polish

Declension

Declension of крем
(inan hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	крем krem	кре́ми krémy
genitive	кре́му krému	кре́мів krémiv
dative	кре́мові, кре́му krémovi, krému	кре́мам krémam
accusative	крем krem	кре́ми krémy
instrumental	кре́мом krémom	кре́мами krémamy
locative	кре́мі krémi	кре́мах krémax
vocative	кре́ме kréme	кре́ми krémy

Derived terms

• кре́мовий (krémovyj)

Related terms

• крем-брюле́ n (krem-brjulé)

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “крем”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2016), “крем”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 7 (кварта́л – кя́хтинський), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “крем”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “крем”, in English–Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “крем”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[1]
• “крем”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “крем”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua, Slovnyk.ua]‎^[2]

Yakut

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian крем (krem). Cognate with English cream and crème.

Noun

крем • (krem)

1. cream

   кремнээх торт ― kremneeq tort ― a cream cake

   креминэн оҕунуохтан ― kreminen oğunuoqtan ― smeared with cream