нижа

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nizati, iterative of низ (niz, “thread”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈniʒɐ]

Verb

ни́жа • (níža) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (transitive) to string, to thread

   нижа мънисто ― niža mǎnisto ― to string beads

2. (reflexive with се) to file, to proceed in a series

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ни́жа (conjugation 1.4, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	ни́жещ nížešt	ни́зал, низа́л1 nízal, nizál1	ни́жел nížel	ни́зан nízan		ни́жейки nížejki
	definite subject form	ни́жещият nížeštijat	ни́залият, низа́лият1 nízalijat, nizálijat1	—	ни́заният nízanijat
	definite object form	ни́жещия nížeštija	ни́залия, низа́лия1 nízalija, nizálija1	—	ни́зания nízanija
feminine	indefinite	ни́жеща nížešta	ни́зала, низа́ла1 nízala, nizála1	ни́жела nížela	ни́зана nízana
	definite	ни́жещата nížeštata	ни́залата, низа́лата1 nízalata, nizálata1	—	ни́заната nízanata
neuter	indefinite	ни́жещо nížešto	ни́зало, низа́ло1 nízalo, nizálo1	ни́жело níželo	ни́зано nízano	ни́зане nízane
	definite	ни́жещото nížeštoto	ни́залото, низа́лото1 nízaloto, nizáloto1	—	ни́заното nízanoto	ни́зането nízaneto
plural	indefinite	ни́жещи nížešti	ни́зали, низа́ли1 nízali, nizáli1	ни́жели níželi	ни́зани nízani	ни́зания, ни́занета nízanija, nízaneta
	definite	ни́жещите nížeštite	ни́залите, низа́лите1 nízalite, nizálite1	—	ни́заните nízanite	ни́занията, ни́занетата nízanijata, nízanetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		ни́жа níža	ни́жеш nížeš	ни́же níže	ни́жем nížem	ни́жете nížete	ни́жат nížat
imperfect		ни́жех nížeh	ни́жеше nížeše	ни́жеше nížeše	ни́жехме nížehme	ни́жехте nížehte	ни́жеха nížeha
aorist		ни́зах, низа́х1 nízah, nizáh1	ни́за, низа́1 níza, nizá1	ни́за, низа́1 níza, nizá1	ни́захме, низа́хме1 nízahme, nizáhme1	ни́захте, низа́хте1 nízahte, nizáhte1	ни́заха, низа́ха1 nízaha, nizáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ни́жел m, ни́жела f, ни́жело n, or ни́жели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ни́жел m, ни́жела f, ни́жело n, or ни́жели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ни́жел m, ни́жела f, ни́жело n, or ни́жели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ни́зал/низа́л1 m, ни́зала/низа́ла1 f, ни́зало/низа́ло1 n, or ни́зали/низа́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			нижи́ niží			ниже́те nižéte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

• внижа pf (vniža), внизвам impf (vnizvam)
• изнижа се pf (izniža se), изнизвам се impf (iznizvam se)
• нанижа pf (naniža), нанизвам impf (nanizvam)
• понижа pf (poniža), понизвам impf (ponizvam)
• пронижа pf (proniža), пронизвам impf (pronizvam, “to stab, to pierce”)
• ни́за (níza, “threadwork, series”) (dialectal)

See also

• низя́ (nizjá, “to lower, to deminish”) (causative-iterative of низ (niz, “below, nether”))

References

• “нижа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “нижа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Nayden Gerov (1899) “ни́жѭ, -ишь; низа́хъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 270

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nʲɪˈʐa]

Participle

нижа́ • (nižá)

1. present adverbial imperfective participle of низа́ть (nizátʹ)