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стан

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Belarusian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Ruthenian станъ (stan). Compare Polish stan and Ukrainian стан (stan).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [stan]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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стан (stanm inan (genitive ста́ну, nominative plural ста́ны, genitive plural ста́наў)

  1. condition, state (a set of circumstances applying at any given time)
    Synonyms: абста́віны (abstáviny), стано́вішча (stanóvišča)
    • 1938 [1848], Charles Dickens, anonymous translator, Домбі і сын, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Dombey and Son, page 517:
      Я не адважыўся пабрыцца — вось у якім я ўзрушаным стане!
      Ja nje advažywsja pabrycca — vosʹ u jakim ja wzrušanym stanje!
      [original: I haven't dared to shave, I'm in that rash state.]
  2. frame (a human body or the structure thereof)
    Synonyms: по́стаць (póstacʹ), ту́лава (túlava)
    • 1938 [1848], Charles Dickens, anonymous translator, Домбі і сын, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Dombey and Son, page 302:
      Голас яе не здрыгануўся, стан не здрыгануўся, і, прайшоўшы цвёрдай хадой, нібы топчучы нагамі ўсе пяшчотныя пачуцці, яна пажадала маці спакойнай ночы і пайшла ў свой пакой.
      Hólas jaje nje zdryhanuwsja, stan nje zdryhanuwsja, i, prajšówšy cvjórdaj xadój, niby tópčučy nahami wsje pjaščótnyja pačucci, jana pažadala maci spakójnaj nóčy i pajšla w svoj pakój.
      [original: Without a tremor in her voice, or frame, and passing onward with a foot that set itself upon the neck of every soft emotion, she bade her mother good-night, and repaired to her own room.]
  3. waist (the part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach)
    Synonym: та́лія (tálija)
    • 1937 [1889—1899], Leo Tolstoy, anonymous translator, Васкрасенне, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Воскресение, page 62; English translation from William E. Smith, transl., The Awakening: The Resurrection, 1900:
      І, перасіліўшы сябе і памятаючы тое, як у гэтых выпадках робяць наогул усе людзі ў яго становішчы, ён абняў Кацюшу за стан.
      I, pjerasiliwšy sjabje i pamjatajučy tóje, jak u hetyx vypadkax róbjacʹ naóhul usje ljudzi w jahó stanóviščy, jon abnjaw Kacjušu za stan.
      [original: И, сделав усилие над собой и помня то, как в этих случаях поступают вообще все люди в его положении, он обнял Катюшу за талию.]
      I, sdelav usilije nad soboj i pomnja to, kak v etix slučajax postupajut voobšče vse ljudi v jevo položenii, on obnjal Katjušu za taliju.
      With some effort he overcame his shyness, and remembering how people generally act in such a case, he put his arm about Katiousha's waist.
  4. status (a person's position or standing relative to that of others)
    • 1940 [1882], Mark Twain, translated by Janka Maŭr, Прынц і жабрак, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of The Prince and the Pauper, page 128:
      Каралеўскі стан яго вялікасці быў прызнаны без далейшых спрэчак, і дзяўчынкі пачалі распытваць яго, як ён трапіў сюды і чаму ён так не па-каралеўску ўбраны, і куды ён ідзе.
      Karaljewski stan jahó vjalikasci byw pryznany bjez daljejšyx sprečak, i dzjawčynki pačali raspytvacʹ jahó, jak jon trapiw sjudy i čamu jon tak nje pa-karaljewsku wbrany, i kudy jon idzje.
      [original: His majesty's royalty was accepted without further question or discussion, and the two little girls began at once to inquire into how he came to be where he was, and how he came to be so unroyally clad, and whither he was bound, and all about his affairs.]
      His majesty's royal status was accepted without further debate, and the little girls began to inquire how he came to be here, how he came to be so unroyally clad, and whither he was bound.
  5. (sciences) state (the physical property of matter as solid, liquid, gas or plasma)
    • 1938 [1848], Charles Dickens, anonymous translator, Домбі і сын, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Dombey and Son, page 302:
      Здавалася, што кампанія рабілася ўсё халаднейшай і халаднейшай і паступова пераходзіла ў замарожаны і цвёрды стан, як закуска, вакол якой яна сабралася.
      Zdavalasja, što kampanija rabilasja wsjo xaladnjejšaj i xaladnjejšaj i pastupóva pjeraxódzila w zamaróžany i cvjórdy stan, jak zakuska, vakól jakój jana sabralasja.
      [original: The party seemed to get colder and colder, and to be gradually resolving itself into a congealed and solid state, like the collation round which it was assembled.]

Declension

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References

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  • Bulyka, A. M., editor (2012), “станъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 32 (смыковати – струмень), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 323
  • Bulyka, A. M., editor (2012), “станъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 32 (смыковати – струмень), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 325
  • стан”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
  • стан” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    стан (stanm

    1. loom
    2. camp, bivouac
      Synonym: лагер (lager)
    3. (uncountable) stature, figure
      Synonym: фигура (figura)

    Declension

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    Declension of стан
    singular plural
    indefinite стан
    stan
    ста́нове
    stánove
    definite
    (subject form)
    ста́нът
    stánǎt
    ста́новете
    stánovete
    definite
    (object form)
    ста́на
    stána
    count form ста́на
    stána

    Macedonian

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    стан (stanm (plural станови, relational adjective станбен, diminutive станче)

    1. flat, apartment

    Declension

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    Declension of стан
    singular plural
    indefinite стан (stan) станови (stanovi)
    definite unspecified станот (stanot) становите (stanovite)
    definite proximal станов (stanov) становиве (stanovive)
    definite distal станон (stanon) становине (stanovine)
    vocative стану (stanu) станови (stanovi)
    count form стана (stana)

    References

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    • стан” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

    Russian

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Old East Slavic станъ (stanŭ), from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    стан (stanm inan (genitive ста́на, nominative plural ста́ны, genitive plural ста́нов)

    1. figure, stature, torso
      то́нкий ста́нtónkij stánslender waist
    2. camp, campground
      полево́й ста́нpolevój stáncamp
      передвижно́й полево́й ста́нperedvižnój polevój stánmobile field station
    3. side, camp
      ста́н мяте́жниковstán mjatéžnikovrebeldom
      вра́жеский ста́нvrážeskij stánhostile camp
      в ста́не врага́v stáne vragáin the enemy's camp
      но́тный ста́нnótnyj stánstaff, stave
    4. mill, machine
      загото́вочный ста́нzagotóvočnyj stánbar mill
      обжи́мный ста́нobžímnyj stánblooming
      листопрока́тный ста́нlistoprokátnyj stánflatting-mill
      прока́тный ста́нprokátnyj stánrolling mill, train
      сталепрока́тный ста́нstaleprokátnyj stánsteel-rolling mill
      трубопрока́тный ста́нtruboprokátnyj stántube mill
      про́волочный ста́нpróvoločnyj stánwire mill
      рельсопрока́тный ста́нrelʹsoprokátnyj stánrail-mill

    Declension

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    References

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    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “стан”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

    Anagrams

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    Serbo-Croatian

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    ста̑н m inan (Latin spelling stȃn)

    1. flat, apartment
    2. loom (тка̀лачкӣ ста̑н)

    Declension

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    Declension of стан
    singular plural
    nominative ста̑н ста̏нови
    genitive стана станова
    dative стану становима
    accusative стан станове
    vocative стане станови
    locative стану становима
    instrumental станом становима

    Quotations

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    Derived terms

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    References

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    • стан”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

    Ukrainian

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Old East Slavic станъ (stanŭ), from Proto-Slavic *stanъ.[1]

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    стан (stanm inan (genitive ста́ну, nominative plural ста́ни, genitive plural ста́нів, diminutive стано́к)

    1. (anatomy) trunk, torso (of a human body)
      Synonyms: ту́луб m (túlub), ко́рпус m (kórpus), торс m (tors)
    2. (anatomy) waist
      Synonym: та́лія f (tálija)
    3. (by extension) trunk (of a tree)
      Synonym: сто́вбур m (stóvbur)

    Declension

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    Declension of стан
    (inan hard masc-form accent-a)
    singular plural
    nominative стан
    stan
    ста́ни
    stány
    genitive ста́ну
    stánu
    ста́нів
    stániv
    dative ста́нові, ста́ну
    stánovi, stánu
    ста́нам
    stánam
    accusative стан
    stan
    ста́ни
    stány
    instrumental ста́ном
    stánom
    ста́нами
    stánamy
    locative ста́ні
    stáni
    ста́нах
    stánax
    vocative ста́не
    stáne
    ста́ни
    stány

    Noun

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    стан (stanm inan (genitive ста́ну, nominative plural ста́ни, genitive plural ста́нів)

    1. (obsolete) camp

    Declension

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    Declension of стан
    (inan hard masc-form accent-a)
    singular plural
    nominative стан
    stan
    ста́ни
    stány
    genitive ста́ну
    stánu
    ста́нів
    stániv
    dative ста́нові, ста́ну
    stánovi, stánu
    ста́нам
    stánam
    accusative стан
    stan
    ста́ни
    stány
    instrumental ста́ном
    stánom
    ста́нами
    stánamy
    locative ста́ні
    stáni
    ста́нах
    stánax
    vocative ста́не
    stáne
    ста́ни
    stány

    Noun

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    стан (stanm inan (genitive ста́ну, uncountable)

    1. (uncountable) condition, status, state

    Declension

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    Declension of стан
    (inan sg-only hard masc-form accent-a)
    singular
    nominative стан
    stan
    genitive ста́ну
    stánu
    dative ста́нові, ста́ну
    stánovi, stánu
    accusative стан
    stan
    instrumental ста́ном
    stánom
    locative ста́ну, ста́ні
    stánu, stáni
    vocative ста́не
    stáne

    Derived terms

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    Noun

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    стан (stanm inan (genitive ста́ну, nominative plural ста́ни, genitive plural ста́нів)

    1. (grammar) voice
      акти́вний станaktývnyj stanactive voice
      паси́вний станpasývnyj stanpassive voice
    2. (historical) estate (a major social class or order of persons regarded collectively as part of the body politic of the country and formerly possessing distinct political rights (Estates of the realm))

    Declension

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    Declension of стан
    (inan hard masc-form accent-a)
    singular plural
    nominative стан
    stan
    ста́ни
    stány
    genitive ста́ну
    stánu
    ста́нів
    stániv
    dative ста́нові, ста́ну
    stánovi, stánu
    ста́нам
    stánam
    accusative стан
    stan
    ста́ни
    stány
    instrumental ста́ном
    stánom
    ста́нами
    stánamy
    locative ста́ні
    stáni
    ста́нах
    stánax
    vocative ста́не
    stáne
    ста́ни
    stány

    Noun

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    стан (stanm inan (genitive ста́на, nominative plural ста́ни, genitive plural ста́нів)

    1. mill

    Declension

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    Declension of стан
    (inan hard masc-form accent-a)
    singular plural
    nominative стан
    stan
    ста́ни
    stány
    genitive ста́на
    stána
    ста́нів
    stániv
    dative ста́нові, ста́ну
    stánovi, stánu
    ста́нам
    stánam
    accusative стан
    stan
    ста́ни
    stány
    instrumental ста́ном
    stánom
    ста́нами
    stánamy
    locative ста́ні
    stáni
    ста́нах
    stánax
    vocative ста́не
    stáne
    ста́ни
    stány

    References

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    1. ^ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “стан”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 394

    Further reading

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