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על

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Aramaic

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Semitic *ʕalay-.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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על (transliteration needed)

  1. on, upon
  2. over
  3. about, concerning

Hebrew

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Root
ע־ל־ה (ʿ-l-h)
12 terms

Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Semitic *ʕalay-.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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עַל (al)

  1. (literally) on, on top of
    אני עומד על חומות ירושלים.
    aní oméd al khomót yerushaláyim.
    I'm standing on the walls of Jerusalem.
  2. (figuratively) on
  3. about
    על מה אתם מדברים?
    al ma atém medabrím?
    What are y'all talking about?
    (literally, “About what you [all] [are] talking?”)
  4. (formal) must [with enclitic pronoun and ל־ (l') ‘to’]
    עליכם להגיש את המבחן תוך שלוש שעות.
    alekhém lehagish et ha mivkhán tokh shalosh sha'ót.
    You must turn the test in in 3 hours.
    • c. 3rd century, "Alenu leshabeach":
      עָלֵינוּ לְשַׁבֵּחַ לַאֲדוֹן הַכֹּל
      alénu l'shabéach la'adón hakól
      We must praise the master of all
      (literally, “It is upon us to praise the master of all”)

Usage notes

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  • Various verbs are construed with the preposition על; for example, ויתר על (vitér al) means “to give up on”.

Inflection

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Inflection table
base form עַל (al)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms
singular plural
m f m f
1st person עליי / עָלַי (alái) עָלֵינוּ (alénu)
2nd person עָלֶיךָ (alékha) עלייך / עָלַיִךְ (aláyikh) עֲלֵיכֶם (alekhém) עֲלֵיכֶן (alekhén)
3rd person עָלָיו (aláv) עָלֶיהָ (aléha) עֲלֵיהֶם (alehém) עֲלֵיהֶן (alehén)

Derived terms

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References

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Prefix

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עַל (ál)

  1. Super-: above; more than; larger than.
    מִשְׁפָּחָה (mishpakhá, family)עַל־מִשְׁפָּחָה (ál-mishpakhá, superfamily)
    יַבֶּשֶׁת (yabéshet, continent)יַבֶּשֶׁת־עַל (yabéshet-ál, supercontinent)
    טִבְעִי (tiv'í, natural)עַל־טִבְעִי (ál-tiv'í, supernatural)

Usage notes

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  • Typically used to form calques from English and other languages.
  • Sometimes attached to the following word via a hyphen; otherwise, separated by a space.
  • In some compounds, follows the base word as a suffix rather than preceding it as a prefix.

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of super-): תת־ (tát-, sub-)

Derived terms

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Suffix

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עַל (ál)

  1. Alternative form of the prefix; see above.
    גִּבּוֹר (gibór, hero)גִּבּוֹר־עָל (gibór-ál, superhero)