خاکسار

Persian

Etymology

From خاک (xâk, “earth”) +‎ ـسار (-sâr).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [xɑːk.ˈsɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xɑːk.sɑ́ːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xɑːk.sɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xɑːk.sɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xɔːk.sɔ́ːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xɒːkʲ.sɒ́ːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χɔk.sɔ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	xāksār
Dari reading?	xāksār
Iranian reading?	xâksâr
Tajik reading?	xoksor

Adjective

خاکسار • (xâksâr)

1. humbled, abject
   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 128:

     با که راز خویشتن گوییم کز کوی حبیب
     خاکساران بلا را همدمی جز باد نیست

     bā ki rāz-i xwēštan gōyēm k-az kō-yi habīb
     xāksārān-i balā rā hamdamē juz bād nēst

     To whom shall we tell our secret? From the beloved's alley
     Those humbled by [the] disaster [of love] have no confidant except for the wind.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

2. (literally) covered in dust

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “خاکسار”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خاکْسار (xāksār, literally “earth-like”), equivalent to خاک (xāk) +‎ سار (sār).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /xɑːk.sɑːɾ/
• Rhymes: -ɑːɾ

Noun

خاکْسار • (xāksār) m (Hindi spelling ख़ाकसार)

1. (formal) I/me, humble, humbly referring to oneself

References

• “خاکسار”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “خاک٘سار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.