شوق

See also: سوف, سوق, and شوف

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ش و ق (š w q)
9 terms

Borrowed from Aramaic שׁוּקָא (šūqā, “desire, longing”), also found in Mishnaic Hebrew שׁוּק (šūq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃawq/

Noun

شَوْق • (šawq) m (plural أَشْواق (ʔašwāq))

1. longing, yearning, missing, verbal noun of شَاقَ (šāqa) (form I)
   • 7th century CE, Sunan an-Nasāʾiyy, 13:127:

     وَأَسْأَلُكَ لَذَّةَ ٱلنَّظَرِ إِلَى وَجْهِكَ وَٱلشَّوْقَ إِلَى لِقَائِكَ فِي غَيْرِ ضَرَّاءَ مُضِرَّةٍ وَلَا فِتْنَةٍ مُضِلَّةٍ

     waʔasʔaluka laḏḏata n-naẓari ʔilā wajhika waš-šawqa ʔilā liqāʔika fī ḡayri ḍarrāʔa muḍirratin walā fitnatin muḍillatin

     I ask you for the sweetness of looking upon your face and desire to meet you in a manner that does not entail a calamity bringing harm or devious temptation.

Declension

Declension of noun شَوْق (šawq)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	شَوْق šawq	الشَّوْق aš-šawq	شَوْق šawq
nominative	شَوْقٌ šawqun	الشَّوْقُ aš-šawqu	شَوْقُ šawqu
accusative	شَوْقًا šawqan	الشَّوْقَ aš-šawqa	شَوْقَ šawqa
genitive	شَوْقٍ šawqin	الشَّوْقِ aš-šawqi	شَوْقِ šawqi

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: شوق (šōg)
• Hijazi Arabic: شوق (šōg)
• → Azerbaijani: şövq
• → Bengali: শখ (śôkh)
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: शौक़ (śauq)
    • → English: shoke, shouq
  • Urdu: شوق (śoq)
• → Malay: syok
  • Indonesian: syok
  • → English: shiok
• → Ottoman Turkish: شوق
  • Turkish: şevk
  • Crimean Tatar: şevq
• → Persian: شوق
• → Swahili: shauku

Etymology 2

Denominal verb of شَوْق (šawq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃaw.wa.qa/

Verb

شَوَّقَ • (šawwaqa) II (non-past يُشَوِّقُ (yušawwiqu), verbal noun تَشْوِيق (tašwīq))

1. to fill with longing, to arouse desire

Conjugation

Conjugation of شَوَّقَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَشْوِيق)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَشْوِيق tašwīq
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُشَوِّق mušawwiq
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُشَوَّق mušawwaq
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	شَوَّقْتُ šawwaqtu	شَوَّقْتَ šawwaqta	شَوَّقَ šawwaqa		شَوَّقْتُمَا šawwaqtumā	شَوَّقَا šawwaqā		شَوَّقْنَا šawwaqnā	شَوَّقْتُمْ šawwaqtum	شَوَّقُوا šawwaqū
	f		شَوَّقْتِ šawwaqti	شَوَّقَتْ šawwaqat			شَوَّقَتَا šawwaqatā			شَوَّقْتُنَّ šawwaqtunna	شَوَّقْنَ šawwaqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُشَوِّقُ ʔušawwiqu	تُشَوِّقُ tušawwiqu	يُشَوِّقُ yušawwiqu		تُشَوِّقَانِ tušawwiqāni	يُشَوِّقَانِ yušawwiqāni		نُشَوِّقُ nušawwiqu	تُشَوِّقُونَ tušawwiqūna	يُشَوِّقُونَ yušawwiqūna
	f		تُشَوِّقِينَ tušawwiqīna	تُشَوِّقُ tušawwiqu			تُشَوِّقَانِ tušawwiqāni			تُشَوِّقْنَ tušawwiqna	يُشَوِّقْنَ yušawwiqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُشَوِّقَ ʔušawwiqa	تُشَوِّقَ tušawwiqa	يُشَوِّقَ yušawwiqa		تُشَوِّقَا tušawwiqā	يُشَوِّقَا yušawwiqā		نُشَوِّقَ nušawwiqa	تُشَوِّقُوا tušawwiqū	يُشَوِّقُوا yušawwiqū
	f		تُشَوِّقِي tušawwiqī	تُشَوِّقَ tušawwiqa			تُشَوِّقَا tušawwiqā			تُشَوِّقْنَ tušawwiqna	يُشَوِّقْنَ yušawwiqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُشَوِّقْ ʔušawwiq	تُشَوِّقْ tušawwiq	يُشَوِّقْ yušawwiq		تُشَوِّقَا tušawwiqā	يُشَوِّقَا yušawwiqā		نُشَوِّقْ nušawwiq	تُشَوِّقُوا tušawwiqū	يُشَوِّقُوا yušawwiqū
	f		تُشَوِّقِي tušawwiqī	تُشَوِّقْ tušawwiq			تُشَوِّقَا tušawwiqā			تُشَوِّقْنَ tušawwiqna	يُشَوِّقْنَ yušawwiqna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		شَوِّقْ šawwiq			شَوِّقَا šawwiqā				شَوِّقُوا šawwiqū
	f		شَوِّقِي šawwiqī							شَوِّقْنَ šawwiqna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	شُوِّقْتُ šuwwiqtu	شُوِّقْتَ šuwwiqta	شُوِّقَ šuwwiqa		شُوِّقْتُمَا šuwwiqtumā	شُوِّقَا šuwwiqā		شُوِّقْنَا šuwwiqnā	شُوِّقْتُمْ šuwwiqtum	شُوِّقُوا šuwwiqū
	f		شُوِّقْتِ šuwwiqti	شُوِّقَتْ šuwwiqat			شُوِّقَتَا šuwwiqatā			شُوِّقْتُنَّ šuwwiqtunna	شُوِّقْنَ šuwwiqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُشَوَّقُ ʔušawwaqu	تُشَوَّقُ tušawwaqu	يُشَوَّقُ yušawwaqu		تُشَوَّقَانِ tušawwaqāni	يُشَوَّقَانِ yušawwaqāni		نُشَوَّقُ nušawwaqu	تُشَوَّقُونَ tušawwaqūna	يُشَوَّقُونَ yušawwaqūna
	f		تُشَوَّقِينَ tušawwaqīna	تُشَوَّقُ tušawwaqu			تُشَوَّقَانِ tušawwaqāni			تُشَوَّقْنَ tušawwaqna	يُشَوَّقْنَ yušawwaqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُشَوَّقَ ʔušawwaqa	تُشَوَّقَ tušawwaqa	يُشَوَّقَ yušawwaqa		تُشَوَّقَا tušawwaqā	يُشَوَّقَا yušawwaqā		نُشَوَّقَ nušawwaqa	تُشَوَّقُوا tušawwaqū	يُشَوَّقُوا yušawwaqū
	f		تُشَوَّقِي tušawwaqī	تُشَوَّقَ tušawwaqa			تُشَوَّقَا tušawwaqā			تُشَوَّقْنَ tušawwaqna	يُشَوَّقْنَ yušawwaqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُشَوَّقْ ʔušawwaq	تُشَوَّقْ tušawwaq	يُشَوَّقْ yušawwaq		تُشَوَّقَا tušawwaqā	يُشَوَّقَا yušawwaqā		نُشَوَّقْ nušawwaq	تُشَوَّقُوا tušawwaqū	يُشَوَّقُوا yušawwaqū
	f		تُشَوَّقِي tušawwaqī	تُشَوَّقْ tušawwaq			تُشَوَّقَا tušawwaqā			تُشَوَّقْنَ tušawwaqna	يُشَوَّقْنَ yušawwaqna

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ش و ق
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic شَوْق (šawq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃoːɡ/, [ʃo̞ːɡ]

Noun

شوق • (šōg) m (plural أشواق (ʔašwāg))

1. longing, yearning, missing

Libyan Arabic

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish چوق (çok).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃoːɡ]

Adverb

شوق (šōg)

1. plenty of

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَوْق (šawq).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈʃawq/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃäwq]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃäwq]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʃäwq]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʃäwq]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃowɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʃäwq]

Readings
Classical reading?	šawq
Dari reading?	šawq
Iranian reading?	šowġ
Tajik reading?	šavq

Noun

شوق • (šawq / šowġ) (plural شوق‌ها (šawq-hā / šowġ-hâ), or اشواق (ašwāq / ašvâġ), Tajik spelling шавқ)

1. desire, yearning, craving
2. lust (feeling arising from sexual arousal)

   Synonym: هوس (hawas / havas)

3. inclination, tendency
4. love, affection

   Synonyms: عشق (išq / ešġ), محبت (muhabbat / mohabbat)

5. pleasure, delight
6. fervor

Related terms

Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ش و ق (0 c, 3 e)

Further reading

• Bulkin, Carleton (2012), “شوق”, in Dari-English/English-Dari practical dictionary, 2nd edition, New York: Hippocrene Books, →ISBN, →LCCN
• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “شوق”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• “شوق”, in قاموس کبیر افغانستان [qāmūs-i kabīr-i afġānistān, The Great Dictionary of Afghanistan] (in Persian), Afghan Dictionary, 2023

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian شوق (šawq), from Arabic شَوْق (šawq).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ʃɔːq/
• Rhymes: -ɔːq

Noun

شَوق • (śauq) m (Hindi spelling शौक़)

1. desire, yearning
2. ardor, interest
3. pleasure, gratification
4. alacrity, gaiety

Declension

Declension of شوق

	singular	plural
direct	شَوْق (śauq)	شَوْق (śauq)
oblique	شَوْق (śauq)	شَوْقوں (śauqõ)
vocative	شَوْق (śauq)	شَوْقو (śauqo)

Derived terms

• شوقین (śauqīn)
• شوقیہ (śauqiyā)
• شوق ذوق (śauq-zauq, “great pleasure”)

References

• “شوق”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.