عذاب

Arabic

Root
ع ذ ب (ʕ ḏ b)
5 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.ðaːb/

Noun

عَذَاب • (ʕaḏāb) m

1. torture, torment, punishment

   Antonym: رَحْمَة (raḥma)

   • 7th century CE, The Quran‎^[1]:

     إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرْ قَوْمَكَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ

     ʔinnā ʔarsalnā nūḥan ʔilā qawmihi ʔan ʔanḏir qawmaka min qabli ʔan yaʔtiyahum ʕaḏābun ʔalīmun

     Lo! We sent Noah unto his people (saying): Warn thy people ere the painful doom come unto them.

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 88:23-24:

     إِلَّا مَن تَوَلَّىٰ وَكَفَرَ / فَيُعَذِّبُهُ اللَّهُ الْعَذَابَ الْأَكْبَرَ

     ʔillā man tawallā wakafara / fayuʕaḏḏibuhu l-lahu al-ʕaḏāba al-ʔakbara

     But whoso is averse and disbelieveth, Allah will punish him with direst punishment.

2. torment, agony, suffering, pain

   Antonym: نَعِيم (naʕīm)

Declension

Declension of noun عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَذَاب ʕaḏāb	الْعَذَاب al-ʕaḏāb	عَذَاب ʕaḏāb
Nominative	عَذَابٌ ʕaḏābun	الْعَذَابُ al-ʕaḏābu	عَذَابُ ʕaḏābu
Accusative	عَذَابًا ʕaḏāban	الْعَذَابَ al-ʕaḏāba	عَذَابَ ʕaḏāba
Genitive	عَذَابٍ ʕaḏābin	الْعَذَابِ al-ʕaḏābi	عَذَابِ ʕaḏābi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: əzab
• → Avar: гӏазаб (ʻazab)
• → Classical Persian: عَذَاب (azāb)
  • → Bengali: আজাব (ajab), আযাব (ajab)
  • → Bashkir: ғазап (ğazap)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: अज़ाब (azāb)

    Urdu: عَذَاب ('azāb)

    • → Phalura: azaáb
    • → Ushojo: عذاب

  • → Kazakh: азап (azap)
  • → Kyrgyz: азап (azap)
  • → Tatar: газап (ğazap)
  • → Turkmen: azap
  • → Uyghur: ئازاپ (azap)
  • → Uzbek: azob
• → Malay: azab
  • Indonesian: azab
• → Ottoman Turkish: عذاب (azâb)
  • Turkish: azap
• → Swahili: adhabu
• → Thai: อักเสบ (àk-sèep)

Persian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)bor.

Persian عذاب

Borrowed from Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔa.zɑːβ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.zɑːb]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.zɑːb]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔä.zɑːb]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔä.zɔːb̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæ.zɒːb̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.zɔb]

Readings
Classical reading?	azāḇ
Dari reading?	azāb
Iranian reading?	azâb
Tajik reading?	azob

Noun

عذاب • (azâb)

1. torture
2. torment
3. punishment

Descendants

• → Bengali: আজাব (ajab), আযাব (ajab)
• → Bashkir: ғазап (ğazap)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: अज़ाब (azāb)

  Urdu: عَذَاب ('azāb)

  • → Phalura: azaáb
  • → Ushojo: عذاب

• → Kazakh: азап (azap)
• → Kyrgyz: азап (azap)
• → Tatar: газап (ğazap)
• → Turkmen: azap
• → Uyghur: ئازاپ (azap)
• → Uzbek: azob

Urdu

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)bor.

Classical Persian عَذَاب (azāb)bor.

Urdu عذاب

Borrowed from Classical Persian عَذَاب (azāb), borrowed from Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ə.zɑːb/

Noun

عذاب • ('azāb) m (Hindi spelling अज़ाब)

1. torture
2. torment
3. punishment
4. doom

Descendants

• → Phalura: azaáb
• → Ushojo: عذاب

Ushojo

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)bor.

Classical Persian عَذَاب (azāb)bor.

Urdu عَذَاب ('azāb)bor.

Ushojo عذاب

Borrowed from Urdu عَذَاب ('azāb).

Noun

عذاب ('azāb)

1. torture
2. torment
3. punishment
4. doom